A novel amperometric sensor for the detection of difenidol hydrochloride based on the modification of Ru(bpy)(3)(2+) on a glassy carbon electrode.

An amperometric sensor for the detection of difenidol, a tertiary amine-containing analyte, was proposed. Ruthenium(II) tris(bipyridine)/multi-walled carbon nanotubes/Nafion composite film was suggested to modify the glassy carbon electrode. The modified electrode was shown to be an excellent amperometric sensor for the detection of difenidol hydrochloride. The linear range is from 1.0x10(-6) to 3.3x10(-5)M with a correlation coefficient of 0.998. The limit of detection was 5x10(-7)M, which was obtained through experimental determination based on a signal-to-noise ratio of three. The sensor was employed to the determination of the active ingredients in the tablets containing difenidol hydrochloride.

[1]  Yan Du,et al.  Method for effective immobilization of Ru(bpy)(3)2+ on an electrode surface for solid-state electrochemiluminescene detection. , 2005, Analytical chemistry.

[2]  Shouzhuo Yao,et al.  Carbon Nanotubes-Based Amperometric Cholesterol Biosensor Fabricated Through Layer-by-Layer Technique , 2004 .

[3]  E. Wang,et al.  Determination of Reserpine in Urine by Capillary Electrophoresis with Electrochemiluminescence Detection , 2004 .

[4]  T. Nieman,et al.  Determination of dansyl amino acids using tris(2,2′-bipyridyl)ruthenium(II) chemiluminescence for post-column reaction detection in high-performance liquid chromatography , 1994 .

[5]  S. Dong,et al.  Electrochemiluminescence of tris(2,2 '-bipyridyl)ruthenium (II) ion-exchanged in polyelectrolyte-silica composite thin-films , 2002 .

[6]  Han Nim Choi,et al.  Electrogenerated chemiluminescence from tris(2,2'-bipyridyl)ruthenium(II) immobilized in titania-perfluorosulfonated ionomer composite films. , 2003, Analytical chemistry.

[7]  J. Rusling,et al.  Square wave voltammetric detection of chemical DNA damage with catalytic poly(4-vinylpyridine)-Ru(bpy)2(2+) films. , 2002, Analytical chemistry.

[8]  N. Danielson,et al.  Liquid chromatography of aliphatic trialkylamines with post-column chemiluminescent detection using tris(2,2′-bipyridine)ruthenium(III) , 1987 .

[9]  E. Wang,et al.  Determination of benzhexol hydrochloride by capillary zone electrophoresis with an end-column electrochemiluminescence detection , 2004 .

[10]  E. Wang,et al.  Determination of sulpiride by capillary electrophoresis with end-column electrogenerated chemiluminescence detection. , 2002, Clinical chemistry.

[11]  Hongyuan Chen,et al.  Tris(2,2'‐bipyridyl)ruthenium(II)‐zirconia‐Nafion composite films applied as solid‐state electrochemiluminescence detector for capillary electrophoresis , 2005, Electrophoresis.

[12]  E. Wang,et al.  Determination of diphenhydramine by capillary electrophoresis with tris(2,2'-bipyridyl)ruthenium(II) electrochemiluminescence detection. , 2003, Talanta.

[13]  E. Wang,et al.  Capillary electrophoresis with electrochemiluminescence detection of procyclidine in human urine pretreated by ion-exchange cartridge , 2002 .

[14]  S. Dong,et al.  Electrochemistry and electrogenerated chemiluminescence of SiO2 nanoparticles/tris(2,2 '-bipyridyl)ruthenium(II) multilayer films on indium tin oxide electrodes , 2004 .

[15]  Erkang Wang,et al.  Simultaneous electrochemical and electrochemiluminescence detection for microchip and conventional capillary electrophoresis , 2005, Electrophoresis.

[16]  N. Danielson,et al.  Chemiluminescence Detection of Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins Using Tris-2,2′-Bipyridine Ruthenium (III) , 1990 .

[17]  A. Knight,et al.  Electrogenerated chemiluminescent determination of pyruvate using tris(2,2′-bipyridine)ruthenium(II) , 1995 .

[18]  Shouzhuo Yao,et al.  Determination of difenidol hydrochloride by capillary electrophoresis with electrochemiluminescence detection. , 2006, Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences.

[19]  N. Danielson,et al.  Generation of chemiluminescence upon reaction of aliphatic amines with tris(2,2'-bipyridine)ruthenium(III) , 1987 .

[20]  Shaojun Dong,et al.  Electrogenerated chemiluminescence from R(bpy)3(2+) ion-exchanged in carbon nanotube/perfluorosulfonated ionomer composite films. , 2004, Analytical chemistry.