The Danish Perspective of Energy Internet: From Service-oriented Flexibility Trading to Integrated Design, Planning and Operation of Multiple Cross-sectoral Energy Systems

Motivated by the success of internet technologies,energy internet,also referred as web-based smart grid(SG) or SG 2.0,is expected to offer innovative applications based on advanced connectivity and intelligent management of distributed energy resources(DER),systems and services with a strong focus on enabling a paradigm shift in the energy industry. Being the European leader in the development of SG technologies,Denmark has developed its unique understanding of the energy internet. Based on the learning from a number of research and development activities in Denmark,this paper introduced two important subjects of the energy internet from the Danish perspective,i.e.,service-oriented flexibility trading and integrated design,planning and operation of multiple cross-sectoral energy systems. Both elements are anticipated to bring in new business opportunities and challenges for different stakeholders in the energy industry; meanwhile these emerging solutions would both require and foster the transform of energy markets to facilitate the development of energy internet.

[1]  Shi You,et al.  Analytical Framework for Market-oriented DSR Flexibility Integration and Management , 2013 .

[2]  Lizhong Xu,et al.  A Multi Time-Scale and Multi Energy-Type Coordinated Microgrid Scheduling Solution—Part II: Optimization Algorithm and Case Studies , 2015, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems.

[3]  Poul Alberg Østergaard,et al.  Regulation strategies of cogeneration of heat and power (CHP) plants and electricity transit in Denmark , 2010 .

[4]  Chresten Træholt,et al.  Generic Virtual Power Plants: Management of distributed energy resources under liberalized electricity market , 2009 .

[5]  Palle Andersen,et al.  Information modeling for direct control of distributed energy resources , 2013, 2013 American Control Conference.

[6]  P. Meibom,et al.  Optimal investment paths for future renewable based energy systems—Using the optimisation model Balmorel , 2008 .

[7]  Pierluigi Mancarella,et al.  Multi-energy systems : An overview of concepts and evaluation models , 2015 .

[8]  Jacob Østergaard,et al.  Information and Communications Systems for Control-by-Price of Distributed Energy Resources and Flexible Demand , 2011, IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid.

[9]  Mahesh Sooriyabandara,et al.  Smart Grid Communications: Overview of Research Challenges, Solutions, and Standardization Activities , 2011, IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials.

[10]  P. A. Østergaard Geographic aggregation and wind power output variance in Denmark , 2008 .

[11]  P. B. Eriksen,et al.  EcoGrid EU — A prototype for European Smart Grids , 2011, 2011 IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting.

[12]  Lizhong Xu,et al.  A Multi Time-Scale and Multi Energy-Type Coordinated Microgrid Scheduling Solution—Part I: Model and Methodology , 2015, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems.

[13]  S. Hanninen,et al.  Survey of smart grid concepts, architectures, and technological demonstrations worldwide , 2011, 2011 IEEE PES CONFERENCE ON INNOVATIVE SMART GRID TECHNOLOGIES LATIN AMERICA (ISGT LA).

[14]  Shi You,et al.  Indirect control for demand side management - A conceptual introduction , 2012, 2012 3rd IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Europe (ISGT Europe).

[15]  Thomas Ackermann,et al.  Distributed resources and re-regulated electricity markets , 2007 .

[16]  Rajkumar Buyya,et al.  Article in Press Future Generation Computer Systems ( ) – Future Generation Computer Systems Cloud Computing and Emerging It Platforms: Vision, Hype, and Reality for Delivering Computing as the 5th Utility , 2022 .

[17]  G. Barbose,et al.  An analysis of residential PV system price differences between the United States and Germany , 2013, 2013 IEEE 39th Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC).

[18]  G. Andersson,et al.  Energy hubs for the future , 2007, IEEE Power and Energy Magazine.

[19]  Jan Dimon Bendtsen,et al.  Exact power constraints in smart grid control , 2011, IEEE Conference on Decision and Control and European Control Conference.

[20]  Hassan Farhangi,et al.  A Road Map to Integration: Perspectives on Smart Grid Development , 2014, IEEE Power and Energy Magazine.

[21]  Michele Zorzi,et al.  The internet of energy: a web-enabled smart grid system , 2012, IEEE Network.

[22]  Anno Accademico,et al.  Smart Grid Communications: Overview of research challenges, solutions and standardization activities , 2013 .

[23]  Henrik Madsen,et al.  Energy Comes Together in Denmark: The Key to a Future Fossil-Free Danish Power System , 2013, IEEE Power and Energy Magazine.

[24]  G. Fulli,et al.  A business case for Smart Grid technologies: A systemic perspective , 2011 .

[25]  Shi You,et al.  Coordinated Charging of Electric Vehicles for Congestion Prevention in the Distribution Grid , 2014, IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid.

[26]  Catherine Rosenberg,et al.  How internet concepts and technologies can help green and smarten the electrical grid , 2011, CCRV.

[27]  Hamid Gharavi Smart Grid: The Electric Energy System of the Future , 2011 .

[28]  Shi You,et al.  Integration of 100% micro-distributed energy resources in the low voltage distribution network: A Danish case study , 2014 .

[29]  M. O'Malley,et al.  Unit Commitment for Systems With Significant Wind Penetration , 2009, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems.

[30]  Jan Dimon Bendtsen,et al.  Exact constraint aggregation with applications to smart grids and resource distribution , 2012, 2012 IEEE 51st IEEE Conference on Decision and Control (CDC).

[31]  K. C. Divya,et al.  Battery Energy Storage Technology for power systems-An overview , 2009 .

[32]  Jakob Stoustrup,et al.  Integration of heterogeneous industrial consumers to provide regulating power to the smart grid , 2013, 52nd IEEE Conference on Decision and Control.

[33]  Poul Ejnar Sørensen,et al.  Centralised power control of wind farm with doubly fed induction generators , 2006 .

[34]  Henrik W. Bindner,et al.  Utilization of Flexible Demand in a Virtual Power Plant Set-Up , 2015, IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid.

[35]  H. Ravn,et al.  The role of district heating in the future Danish energy system , 2012 .

[36]  Ahmad T. Al-Hammouri,et al.  A comprehensive co-simulation platform for cyber-physical systems , 2012, Comput. Commun..

[37]  Yanpei Chen,et al.  An information-centric energy infrastructure: The Berkeley view , 2011, Sustain. Comput. Informatics Syst..

[38]  Xi Fang,et al.  3. Full Four-channel 6.3-gb/s 60-ghz Cmos Transceiver with Low-power Analog and Digital Baseband Circuitry 7. Smart Grid — the New and Improved Power Grid: a Survey , 2022 .

[39]  Brian Vad Mathiesen,et al.  Energy system analysis of 100% renewable energy systems-The case of Denmark in years 2030 and 2050 , 2009 .

[40]  Andrea M. Bassi,et al.  Creating synergies from renewable energy investments, a community success story from Lolland, Denmark. , 2009 .

[41]  Jakob Stoustrup,et al.  Model predictive control for integration of industrial consumers to the smart grid under a direct control policy , 2013, 2013 IEEE International Conference on Control Applications (CCA).