Graph-Based Analysis of Pedestrian Interactions and Events Using Hidden Markov Models

In this paper, we present an improved approach for the analysis of pedestrian interaction in crowded and cluttered scenes from aerial image sequences. Related work is limited to the detection of an undeclared abnormal event with regard to the common behaviour or to the detection of specific simple events incorporating only up to two trajectories. In our approach, event detection in pedestrian groups is done by detecting universal motion interaction patterns between pairs of pedestrians in a graph-based framework. Event detection is performed by analyzing the temporal behaviour of the motion interaction, which is represented by edges in the graph, by means of hidden Markov models (HMM). Temporarily disappearing edges in the graph can be compensated by an HMM buffer which internally continues the HMM analysis even if the corresponding pedestrians depart from each other awhile. Experimental results show the potential of our graph-based approach for event detection. The used datasets contain UAV image sequences in which an instructed pedestrian group simulates meaningful group behaviour and an aerial image sequence in which pedestrians approach a soccer stadium.