Opportunities for biomass pyrolysis liquids production and upgrading

Considerable work has been carried out on flash pyrolysis processes for liquid fuel production from biomass. The crude pyrolysis liquid may be used directly to substitute for conventional fuels or in more demanding applications such as turbines where the quality may not be sufficiently high to ensure trouble-free operation. In this latter case, upgrading to a higher quality fuel may be necessary, and two routes are available: hydrotreating and zeolite synthesis of hydrocarbons