Inferring intentions from biological motion: A stimulus set of point-light communicative interactions

We present the first database of communicative interactions reproduced through point-light displays (Communicative Interaction Database). The database contains 20 communicative interactions performed by male and by female couples. For each action, we provide movie files from four different viewpoints, as well as text files with the 3-D spatial coordinates of the point lights, allowing researchers to construct customized versions. By including various types of actions performed with different social motives, the database contains a diverse sample of nonconventional communicative gestures. Normative data collected to assess the recognizability of the stimuli suggest that, for most action stimuli, information in point-light displays is sufficient for clear recognition of the action as communicative, as well as for identification of the specific communicative gesture performed by the actor. The full set of stimuli may be downloaded from http://brm.psychonomic-journals.org/ content/supplemental and from http://ppw.kuleuven.be/labexppsy/lepSite/resources/CID.rar.

[1]  J. R. Landis,et al.  The measurement of observer agreement for categorical data. , 1977, Biometrics.

[2]  A. Young,et al.  Emotion Perception from Dynamic and Static Body Expressions in Point-Light and Full-Light Displays , 2004, Perception.

[3]  G. Rizzolatti,et al.  The mirror-neuron system. , 2004, Annual review of neuroscience.

[4]  J. Cutting,et al.  Recognizing the sex of a walker from a dynamic point-light display , 1977 .

[5]  Aina Puce,et al.  Electrophysiology and brain imaging of biological motion. , 2003, Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences.

[6]  J. Cutting,et al.  Recognizing friends by their walk: Gait perception without familiarity cues , 1977 .

[7]  Nikolaus F. Troje,et al.  Correlated changes in perceptions of the gender and orientation of ambiguous biological motion figures , 2008, Current Biology.

[8]  D I Perrett,et al.  Frameworks of analysis for the neural representation of animate objects and actions. , 1989, The Journal of experimental biology.

[9]  J. Sommerville,et al.  Shared representations between self and other: a social cognitive neuroscience view , 2003, Trends in Cognitive Sciences.

[10]  T. J. Clarke,et al.  The Perception of Emotion from Body Movement in Point-Light Displays of Interpersonal Dialogue , 2005, Perception.

[11]  M. Jeannerod,et al.  The motor theory of social cognition: a critique , 2005, Trends in Cognitive Sciences.

[12]  Jim W Kay,et al.  Gender recognition from point-light walkers. , 2005, Journal of experimental psychology. Human perception and performance.

[13]  Karl Verfaillie,et al.  Perception of biological motion: A stimulus set of human point-light actions , 2004, Behavior research methods, instruments, & computers : a journal of the Psychonomic Society, Inc.

[14]  V. Bruce,et al.  Do the eyes have it? Cues to the direction of social attention , 2000, Trends in Cognitive Sciences.

[15]  F. Pollick,et al.  A motion capture library for the study of identity, gender, and emotion perception from biological motion , 2006, Behavior research methods.

[16]  K. Verfaillie Perceiving Human Locomotion: Priming Effects in Direction Discrimination , 2000, Brain and Cognition.

[17]  Jacob Cohen A Coefficient of Agreement for Nominal Scales , 1960 .

[18]  R. Blake,et al.  Brain Areas Involved in Perception of Biological Motion , 2000, Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience.

[19]  J. Sadock Speech acts , 2007 .

[20]  Matthew D. Lieberman,et al.  The emergence of social cognitive neuroscience. , 2001, The American psychologist.

[21]  D. Sperber,et al.  Relevance: Communication and Cognition , 1989 .

[22]  D. Sperber,et al.  Relevance: Communication and Cognition , 1997 .

[23]  Matthew D. Lieberman,et al.  Social cognitive neuroscience: a review of core processes. , 2007, Annual review of psychology.

[24]  M. Tomasello,et al.  A new look at infant pointing. , 2007, Child development.

[25]  D. Over,et al.  Studies in the Way of Words. , 1989 .

[26]  K. Verfaillie Orientation-dependent priming effects in the perception of biological motion. , 1993, Journal of experimental psychology. Human perception and performance.

[27]  S. Lea,et al.  Perception of Emotion from Dynamic Point-Light Displays Represented in Dance , 1996, Perception.

[28]  G. Orban,et al.  Specificity of regions processing biological motion , 2005, The European journal of neuroscience.

[29]  Vic Braden,et al.  Recognising the Style of Spatially Exaggerated Tennis Serves , 2001, Perception.

[30]  M. Shiffrar,et al.  Recognizing people from their movement. , 2005, Journal of experimental psychology. Human perception and performance.

[31]  J. Montepare,et al.  Impressions of people created by age-related qualities of their gaits. , 1988, Journal of personality and social psychology.

[32]  G. Fink,et al.  Being with virtual others: Neural correlates of social interaction , 2006, Neuropsychologia.

[33]  B. Bara Cognitive pragmatics: The mental processes of communication , 2010 .

[34]  L. Nyberg,et al.  Priming and Recognition of Human Motion Patterns , 1997 .

[35]  Armin Bruderlin,et al.  Perceiving affect from arm movement , 2001, Cognition.

[36]  K. Verfaillie,et al.  Viewpoint-dependent Priming Effects in the Perception of Human Actions and Body Postures , 1999 .

[37]  C. Frith,et al.  Modulation of the mirror system by social relevance. , 2006, Social cognitive and affective neuroscience.

[38]  W. Dittrich Action Categories and the Perception of Biological Motion , 1993, Perception.

[39]  J. Searle,et al.  Expression and Meaning. , 1982 .

[40]  J. Montepare,et al.  Impressions of people created by age-related qualities of their gaits. , 1988 .

[41]  Karl Verfaillie,et al.  Creating stimuli for the study of biological-motion perception , 2002, Behavior research methods, instruments, & computers : a journal of the Psychonomic Society, Inc.

[42]  R. Saxe Uniquely human social cognition , 2006, Current Opinion in Neurobiology.

[43]  U. Castiello,et al.  Does the intention to communicate affect action kinematics? , 2009, Consciousness and Cognition.

[44]  G. Rizzolatti,et al.  The mirror neuron system. , 2009, Archives of neurology.

[45]  M. Tomasello,et al.  Understanding and sharing intentions: The origins of cultural cognition , 2005, Behavioral and Brain Sciences.

[46]  N. Troje Decomposing biological motion: a framework for analysis and synthesis of human gait patterns. , 2002, Journal of vision.

[47]  T. Shipley,et al.  Markerless motion-capture for point-light displays , 2003 .

[48]  Pierre Jacob,et al.  The tuning-fork model of human social cognition: A critique , 2009, Consciousness and Cognition.

[49]  U. Castiello,et al.  The case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde: A kinematic study on social intention , 2008, Consciousness and Cognition.

[50]  J. Decety,et al.  From the perception of action to the understanding of intention , 2001, Nature reviews. Neuroscience.