Chemo- and Regioselective Catalytic Reduction of N-Heterocycles by Silane

The ruthenium complex [Cp(iPr3P)Ru(NCCH3)2]+ (1) catalyzes the regioselective hydrosilylation of pyridines to 1,4-dihydropyridines. Substitution in the 3- and 5-positions is tolerated, whereas pyridines with substituents in the 2-, 4-, and 6-positions are not reduced. Reduction of functionalized pyridines having keto and ester substituents results in a mixture of products. N-Silyl-1,4-dihydropyridine reacts with ketones and aldehydes to give products of N–Si addition across the C═O bond. Hydrosilylation of pyridine in acetone results quantitatively in the addition product PhMe2SiO–CMe2–NC5H6, which decomposes in hexane to give the parent dihydropyridine HNC5H6. The phenanthroline complex [Cp(phen)Ru(NCCH3)2]+ (10) catalyzes regioselective 1,4-reduction of phenanthroline by a 3–4-fold excess of silane/water or silane/alcohol mixtures. The Cp* analogue [Cp*(phen)Ru(NCCH3)2]+ (9) catalyzes 1,4-regioselective monohydrosilylation of phenanthroline, quinoline, acridine, and 1,3,5-triazine and the 1,2-reduction ...

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