Fault tolerance on improved distributed spanning tree structure

To improve the fault tolerance of the distributed spanning tree (DST) structure, we present an improved DST structure through orderly storing the elements in groups. Further, we give a representative selection rule, and based on which the node arrival and departure algorithms are proposed to balance the distribution of representatives in the structure. The maximal difference of the probabilities of any node to be selected as representatives by other nodes in the groups within the same level is not more than 1/a(a−1). Finally, we discuss the fault tolerance on the improved DST structure in a random failures model and an adversarial failures model. The results show that the improved DST structure is high resilient to fault even if the failures are carefully targeted. At most O(f/logN) nodes are lost when f nodes failed, and it is better than skip graph.

[1]  Michael A. Bender,et al.  Fault tolerant data structures , 1996, Proceedings of 37th Conference on Foundations of Computer Science.

[2]  MICHAEL SHORT,et al.  Efficient implementation of fault-tolerant data structures in embedded control software , 2008 .

[3]  Anna R. Karlin,et al.  On the fault tolerance of the butterfly , 1994, STOC '94.

[4]  Jean-Marc Nicod,et al.  The distributed spanning tree: a scalable interconnection topology for efficient and equitable traversal , 2005, CCGrid 2005. IEEE International Symposium on Cluster Computing and the Grid, 2005..

[5]  Vijay K. Garg,et al.  Fusible Data Structures for Fault-Tolerance , 2007, ICDCS.

[6]  Michael B. Jones,et al.  SkipNet: A Scalable Overlay Network with Practical Locality Properties , 2003, USENIX Symposium on Internet Technologies and Systems.

[7]  Michael Dahlin,et al.  Making Byzantine Fault Tolerant Systems Tolerate Byzantine Faults , 2009, NSDI.

[8]  Peter Milligan,et al.  Skip Tree Graph: a Distributed and Balanced Search Tree for Peer-to-Peer Networks , 2007, 2007 IEEE International Conference on Communications.

[9]  James Aspnes,et al.  Skip graphs , 2003, SODA '03.

[10]  Omer Angel,et al.  Routing complexity of faulty networks , 2005, PODC '05.

[11]  Michael T. Goodrich,et al.  The rainbow skip graph: a fault-tolerant constant-degree distributed data structure , 2006, SODA '06.