Following Expert's Eyes: Evaluation of the Effectiveness of a Gaze-Based Training Intervention on Young Drivers' Latent Hazard Anticipation Skills

A PC-based training program (RAPT; Pradhan et al., 2009), proven effective for improving young novice drivers’ hazard anticipation skills, does not improve the hazard anticipation performance of young drivers to ceiling despite the use of similar scenarios in both the training program and the evaluation drives. The current driving simulator experiment examined the effects of expert eye movement videos that demonstrated correct hazard anticipation, following RAPT-training on young drivers’ hazard anticipation performance. The results indicate that viewing the expert eye movement videos following the completion of RAPT can further increase the hazard anticipation ability of young drivers on subsequent evaluation drives. The results imply that videos of expert eye movements, if used appropriately, can help young drivers effectively map and integrate the knowledge gained in a training program within dynamic driving environments involving latent hazards.

[1]  Peter Chapman,et al.  VISUAL SEARCH PATTERNS IN TRAINED AND UNTRAINED NOVICE DRIVERS , 2002 .

[2]  W. Horrey,et al.  Handbook of Teen and Novice Drivers : Research, Practice, Policy, and Directions , 2016 .

[3]  Barbara Tversky,et al.  Cognitive Maps, Cognitive Collages, and Spatial Mental Models , 1993, COSIT.

[4]  A. Pradhan,et al.  Hazard Avoidance in Young Novice Drivers: Definitions and a Framework , 2016 .

[5]  Ronald R. Mourant,et al.  Strategies of Visual Search by Novice and Experienced Drivers , 1972 .

[6]  Donald L Fisher,et al.  Evaluation of the effectiveness of a multi-skill program for training younger drivers on higher cognitive skills. , 2016, Applied ergonomics.

[7]  Marilyn E. Gist,et al.  EFFECTS OF ALTERNATIVE TRAINING METHODS ON SELF-EFFICACY AND PERFORMANCE IN COMPUTER SOFTWARE TRAINING , 1989 .

[8]  Susan D. Voyer,et al.  Magnitude of sex differences in spatial abilities: a meta-analysis and consideration of critical variables. , 1995, Psychological bulletin.

[9]  David Crundall,et al.  Effects of experience and processing demands on visual information acquisition in drivers , 1998 .

[10]  J. Rouder,et al.  Default Bayes Factors for Model Selection in Regression , 2012, Multivariate behavioral research.

[11]  A. K. Pradhan,et al.  Can younger drivers be trained to scan for information that will reduce their risk in roadway traffic scenarios that are hard to identify as hazardous? , 2009, Ergonomics.

[12]  Alexander Pollatsek,et al.  Using Eye Movements in Driving Simulators to Evaluate Effects of PC-Based Risk Awareness Training , 2004 .

[13]  A James McKnight,et al.  Young novice drivers: careless or clueless? , 2003, Accident; analysis and prevention.

[14]  Richard D. Blomberg,et al.  Evaluation of the safety benefits of the risk awareness and perception training program for novice teen drivers. , 2016 .

[15]  Julie Harris,et al.  Using Experts' Eye Movements to Influence Scanning Behaviour in Novice Drivers. , 2015, Journal of vision.