Power Layer Energy Efficient Routing Protocol in Wireless Sensor Network (PLRP)

Preserving energy of sensor node in wireless sensor network is an effort to prolong the lifetime of network. Energy of sensor node is very crucial because battery powered and irreplaceable. Energy conservation of sensor node is an effort to reduce energy consumption in order to preserve resource for network lifetime. It can be achieved through efficient energy usage by reducing consumption of energy or decrease energy usage while achieving a similar outcome. In this paper, the authors propose power layer energy efficient routing protocol in wireless sensor network, named PLRP, which use power control and multi-hop routing protocol to control overhead of sensor node and create clustering to distribute energy dissipation and increase energy efficiency of all sensor node. The main idea of PLRP is the use of power control, which divide sensor node into group by base station uses layer of energy and maximize the computation energy in base station to reduce computational energy in sensor node for conservation of network lifetime. The performance of PLRP compared to BCDCP and BIDRP based of hierarchical routing protocol. The simulation results show that PLRP achieve 25% and 30% of improvement on network lifetime. DOI: 10.4018/jmcmc.2013010105 58 International Journal of Mobile Computing and Multimedia Communications, 5(1), 57-68, January-March 2013 Copyright © 2013, IGI Global. Copying or distributing in print or electronic forms without written permission of IGI Global is prohibited. and piezoelectric detectors. Once deployed, sensor nodes collect the information of interest from their on-board sensors, perform local processing of these data including quantization and compression, and forward the data to a base station (BS) directly or through a neighbouring relay node. The ability to have direct interaction with physical phenomena resulted in the development of a vast number of applications for wireless sensor networks such as, military, commercial, intrusion detection and industrial, healthcare and disaster and rescue operations. Most deployments of wireless sensor network require unattended operation; therefore, sensor nodes have to rely on batteries for communication and information gathering. Sensor nodes are significantly constrained in available resources including storage, computational capacity, however energy accounts for the most restrictive of all factors, because it affects the operational lifetime of wireless sensor network. It is a well-established fact that wireless communication is the major source of energy drainage in wireless sensor network. Therefore, energy efficient communication protocols and topology architectures are highly desirable. In recent years, clustering has emerged as a popular approach for organizing the network into a connected hierarchy. By using clustering, nodes are organized into small disjoint groups called clusters. Each cluster has a coordinator referred to as cluster head (CH) and a number of member nodes. Clustering results in a hierarchical network in which cluster head form the upper level and member nodes form the lower level. In contrast to flat architectures, clustering provides distinct advantages with respect to energy conservative by facilitating localized control and reducing the volume of inter-node communication. Moreover, the coordination provided by the cluster head allows sensor nodes to sleep for extended period, thus, allowing significant energy savings. Despite many advantages of clustering in wireless sensor network, such as network scalability, localized route set up, bandwidth management, the fundamental objective centers around energy conservation. Cluster formation is a process whereby sensor nodes decide with which cluster head they should associate among multiple choices. After the cluster head are elected, the non-cluster head nodes are faced with the task of selecting a cluster head from a number of possible candidates based on the criteria of optimal energy use. For a sensor node, selecting the cluster head based on a single objective can lead to poor energy use because the nearest cluster head may be located at a greater distance from base station than the other cluster head. Thus, for that particular node this may not be the best choice. In addition, factors like residual energy and transmission energy may also be of importance when making a decision. The rest of the paper is organized as follows: section 2 discusses the related work on a clustering method, section 3 discusses the proposed algorithm power layer energy efficient routing protocol, section 4 discusses the simulation, and section 5 describes the conclusion of the work.