Satellite clock stability analysis depending on the reference clock type

Knowledge of the GNSS satellite clock error is essential for real-time PPP and other high-rate applications in GNSS positioning. This work presents the characterisation of short-term stability of the atomic GNSS clocks depending on the type of reference clock. Calculations are performed by usage of high-rate 1 s GPS observations on the IGS stations located in Europe. The clock parameters are estimated epoch by epoch using back-substitution steps. Furthermore, there is a clock stability analysis of stations selected as reference clocks in a 2-week period. The analysis presents a characterisation of the GPS satellite clocks as the Allan deviation covering averaging intervals from 20 to 210 s.

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