The Intricate Nature of SERS: Real‐Life Applications and Challenges

Testing for the presence of microorganisms in biological samples in order to diagnose infections is very common at all levels of health care. There is a growing need to ensure appropriate diagnosis by also minimizing the analysis time, both being very important concerns related to the risk of developing an antimicrobial resistance. Moreover, there are important medical and financial implications associated with infections. In this chapter, we will discuss the latest ultrasensitive and selective, but simple, rapid and inexpensive bacteria detection and identification methods by using receptor-free and innovative immobilization principles of the biomass. Raman spectroscopy, which combines the selectivity of the method with the sensitivity of the surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) effect, is used in correlation with chemometric techniques in order to develop biosensors for pathogenic microorganisms.

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