The spatial dimension of knowledge spillovers in Europe : evidence from firm patenting data

Technology spillovers are important because they have a large impact on economic growth. In the interpretation of, e.g., Grossman and Helpman (1991), technology spillovers increase the efficiency of the research process within an individual firm. The notion that is behind this is that technological knowledge is a non-rival good, Le., can be shared without reducing its value. The paradoxical situation is that this characteristic of knowledge, while beneficial at the aggregate level, leads to a lack of incentives to produce knowledge at the micro level. The reason is that firms that have the prospect that the knowledge they develop will be imitated by other firms at lower costs will decide not to invest in research.

[1]  Bait Verspagen,et al.  Estimating international technology spillovers using technology flow matrices , 1997 .

[2]  Bruno Crépon,et al.  estimating the innovation function from patent numbers: gmm on count panel data ¤ , 1997 .

[3]  G. Grossman,et al.  Innovation and growth in the global economy , 1993 .

[4]  B. Verspagen,et al.  Europe: one or several systems of innovation? An analysis based on patent citations , 1999 .

[5]  A. Chandler,et al.  Regional Advantage: Culture and Competition in Silicon Valley and Route 128 , 1994 .

[6]  Bjørn L. Basberg,et al.  Patents and the measurement of technological change: A survey of the literature☆ , 1987 .

[7]  Daniel A. Levinthal,et al.  Innovation and Learning: The Two Faces of R&D , 1989 .

[8]  Keith Pavitt,et al.  Uneven (and Divergent) Technological Accumulation among Advanced Countries: Evidence and a Framework of Explanation , 1994 .

[9]  Z. Griliches,et al.  Econometric Models for Count Data with an Application to the Patents-R&D Relationship , 1984 .

[10]  K. Pavitt,et al.  Large Firms in the Production of the World's Technology: An Important Case of “Non-Globalisation” , 1991 .

[11]  Z. Griliches,et al.  Econometric Models for Count Data with an Application to the Patents-R&D Relationship , 1984 .

[12]  A. Jaffe.  Technological Opportunity and Spillovers of R&D: Evidence from Firms&Apos; Patents, Profits and Market Value , 1986 .

[13]  Z. Griliches.  Patent Statistics as Economic Indicators: a Survey , 1990 .

[14]  Zvi Griliches,et al.  Issues in Assessing the Contribution of Research and Development to Productivity Growth , 1979 .

[15]  Bruno Crépon,et al.  Research and development, competition and innovation pseudo-maximum likelihood and simulated maximum likelihood methods applied to count data models with heterogeneity☆ , 1997 .

[16]  M. Meeus,et al.  ON THE SPATIAL EMBEDDEDNESS OF INNOVATION NETWORKS: AN EXPLORATION OF THE PROXIMITY EFFECT , 2001 .

[17]  F. Sjöholm.  International transfer of knowledge: The role of international trade and geographic proximity , 1996 .

[18]  Michele Cincera.  Patents, R&D, and technological spillovers at the firm level: Some evidence from econometric count models for panel data , 1997 .