Rupture of rubber. I. Characteristic energy for tearing

The resistance to tearing of a rubber vulcanizate is usually determined by loading in a specified manner a test-piece of the vulcanizate of standard shape, in which a notch has been produced, either in the molding process or by cutting the test-piece in a standard fashion. A wide variety of shapes of test-piece and notch and of methods of loading have been recommended by various authors (see, for example, Buist1).

[1]  D. W. Saunders,et al.  Large elastic deformations of isotropic materials VII. Experiments on the deformation of rubber , 1951, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Mathematical and Physical Sciences.

[2]  R. Rivlin.  Large elastic deformations of isotropic materials IV. further developments of the general theory , 1948, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Mathematical and Physical Sciences.

[3]  H. Elliott.  An analysis of the conditions for rupture due to griffith cracks , 1947 .

[4]  D. W. Saunders,et al.  The free energy of deformation for vulcanized rubber , 1952 .