Jointly multi-user detection and channel estimation with genetic algorithm

This work aims at proposing the use of the evolutionary computation methodology in order to jointly solve the multi-user channel estimation (MuChE) and detection problems at its maximum-likelihood, both related to the direct sequence code division multiple access (DS/CDMA). The effectiveness of the proposed heuristic approach is proven by comparing performance and complexity merit figures with that obtained by traditional methods found in literature. Simulation results considering genetic algorithm (GA) applied to multipath, DS/CDMA and MuChE and multi-user detection (MuD) show that the proposed genetic algorithm multi-user channel estimation (GAMuChE) yields a normalized mean square error estimation (nMSE) inferior to 11%, under slowly varying multipath fading channels, large range of Doppler frequencies and medium system load, it exhibits lower complexity when compared to both maximum likelihood multi-user channel estimation (MLMuChE) and gradient descent method (GrdDsc). A near-optimum multi-user detector (MuD) based on the genetic algorithm (GAMuD), also proposed in this work, provides a significant reduction in the computational complexity when compared to the optimum multi-user detector (OMuD). In addition, the complexity of the GAMuChE and GAMuD algorithms were (jointly) analyzed in terms of number of operations necessary to reach the convergence, and compared to other jointly MuChE and MuD strategies. The joint GAMuChE–GAMuD scheme can be regarded as a promising alternative for implementing third-generation (3G) and fourth-generation (4G) wireless systems in the near future. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. (The material in this paper was presented in part at the ISSSTA'06 - IEEE International Symposium on Spread Spectrum Techniques and Applications, Manaus, Brazil, 2006.) (The main aim of this work is to propose the use of evolutionary computation methodology in order to jointly solve the multi-user channel estimation and detection problems at its maximum-likelihood. The effectiveness of the proposed genetic algorithm multi-user channel estimation (GAMuChE) was proven by evaluating performance and complexity merit figures. The GAMuChE yields an nMSE estimation inferior to 11%, under slowly varying multipath fading channels, large range Doppler (i.e., 1.85 Hz < fD < 277.78 Hz) and medium system load.)

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