Vicarious calibration of GLI by ground observation data

We conducted vicarious calibration of the Global Imager (GLI) in visible to near-infrared channels over different targets. For calibration over the ocean, we used the normalized water-leaving radiance derived from the Marine Optical Buoy (MOBY) and the aerosol optical properties (aerosol optical depth, size distribution, and refractive index) obtained through the Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET). For calibration over land, we used the ground-based measurement data at Railroad Valley Playa. The following GLI characteristics are recognized from the calibration results. First, GLI underestimates the radiance in channels 1, 2, 4, and 5. Next, in the near-infrared channels, there is good agreement between the observed and simulated radiance over bright targets. On the other hand, it is suggested that the GLI overestimates the radiance over dark targets (e.g., on the order of 15% at 4.0 W/m/sup 2///spl mu/m/sr in channels 18 and 19). Furthermore, we evaluated these calibration results over different targets taking into account the difference in the target radiance and in the accuracy between the two results. This combined evaluation of vicarious calibration results suggests the possibility that the GLI-observed radiance has offset radiance versus the simulated radiance.

[1]  T. Nakajima,et al.  Optimization of the Advanced Earth Observing Satellite II Global Imager channels by use of radiative transfer calculations. , 1998, Applied optics.

[2]  Teruyuki Nakajima,et al.  Algorithms for radiative intensity calculations in moderately thick atmospheres using a truncation approximation , 1988 .

[3]  R. Evans,et al.  Coastal zone color scanner “system calibration”: A retrospective examination , 1994 .

[4]  C. McClain,et al.  Calibration of SeaWiFS. II. Vicarious techniques. , 2001, Applied optics.

[5]  Didier Tanré,et al.  Second Simulation of the Satellite Signal in the Solar Spectrum, 6S: an overview , 1997, IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote. Sens..

[6]  Jens Nieke,et al.  A satellite cross-calibration experiment , 2004, IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters.

[7]  Robert E. Eplee,et al.  MOBY Data Analysis for the Vicarious Calibration of SeaWiFS Bands 1-6 , 2000 .

[8]  B. Johnson.  Coastal Zone Color Scanner , 1988 .

[9]  K. Stamnes,et al.  Numerically stable algorithm for discrete-ordinate-method radiative transfer in multiple scattering and emitting layered media. , 1988, Applied optics.

[10]  Kazuhiro Tanaka,et al.  Calibration and instrument status of ADEOS-II Global Imager , 2004, SPIE Remote Sensing.

[11]  T. Eck,et al.  Accuracy assessments of aerosol optical properties retrieved from Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) Sun and sky radiance measurements , 2000 .

[12]  Howard R. Gordon,et al.  In-Orbit Calibration Strategy for Ocean Color Sensors , 1998 .

[13]  P. Slater,et al.  Improved evaluation of optical depth components from langley plot data , 1990 .

[14]  David J. Diner,et al.  Validating the MISR radiometric scale for the ocean aerosol science communities , 2004 .

[15]  H. Gordon.  Atmospheric correction of ocean color imagery in the Earth Observing System era , 1997 .

[16]  Teruyuki Nakajima,et al.  Matrix formulations for the transfer of solar radiation in a plane-parallel scattering atmosphere. , 1986 .

[17]  P. Slater,et al.  Uncertainties in the in-flight calibration of sensors with reference to measured ground sites in the 0.4-1.1 μm range , 1994 .

[18]  K. Voss,et al.  Validation of atmospheric correction over the oceans , 1997 .

[19]  Menghua Wang,et al.  Calibration of ocean color scanners: how much error is acceptable in the near infrared? , 2002 .

[20]  M. S. Moran,et al.  Reflectance- and radiance-based methods for the in-flight absolute calibration of multispectral sensors , 1987 .

[21]  Kazuhiro Tanaka,et al.  Vicarious calibration of ADEOS-2 GLI visible to shortwave infrared bands using global datasets , 2005, IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing.

[22]  Hiroshi Murakami,et al.  GLI early calibration results for oceanographic applications , 2003, SPIE Optics + Photonics.

[23]  A. Smirnov,et al.  AERONET-a federated instrument network and data archive for aerosol Characterization , 1998 .

[24]  J. W. Brown,et al.  Exact Rayleigh scattering calculations for use with the Nimbus-7 Coastal Zone Color Scanner. , 1988, Applied optics.

[25]  Kurtis J. Thome,et al.  Determination of Precipitable Water from Solar Transmission. , 1992 .

[26]  Kurtis J. Thome,et al.  Vicarious calibration of Aqua and Terra MODIS , 2003, SPIE Optics + Photonics.