A NOVEL ACTIVE ANTENNA BEAMFORMING NETWORKS USING BUTLER MATRICES

In this paper, a novel architecture of using cascaded Butler Matrices (BM) integrated with Low Noise Ampliflers (LNAs) is proposed. By using the narrow beams available from the Butler Matrix, it is possible for a receiver to increase the gain in the desired signal directions and reduce the gain in interference directions. Hence, high-gain narrowbeam signals for long-range application are produced. A novel technique is introduced which uses high linearity LNAs and a second Butler Matrix, acting as a mirror of the flrst Butler Matrix, reconstructing the antenna patterns of the individual radiating elements. The resulting outputs have high linearity and broad beam width that can be used for short-range communication. Design of the Butler Matrix, Low Noise Amplifler, Wilkinson Power Divider and High Linearity Low Noise Amplifler are presented in this paper. A flnal design of active antenna beamforming network using cascaded Butler Matrices integrated with LNAs is proposed. The beamforming network provides a method, which could be applicable in vehicle communication systems, where long-range communications with roadside beacons and short-range communications with the fast moving vehicle are both required.

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