Development of the modulation transfer function and contrast transfer function for discrete systems, particularly charge-coupled devices [also Comment 35(7), 2105-2106 (July 1996)]

The modulation transfer function (MTF) and contrast transfer function (CTF) are considered for discrete systems. The MTF and CTF are derived for the charge-coupled device (CCD). The analysis presented con- siders the full effects of sampling on device response. Experimental tests of the CTF for a line-array CCD are presented. The MTF and CTF are shown to be multivalued functions for discrete systems.