Advanced technology in micropropagation of some important plants.

Novel methods and advanced culture systems concretely discussed in this chapter range from mutual relationship between microorganisms and plant root system, in vitro flowering, micropropagation for recalcitrant plants, synseed production, direct somatic embryogenesis and protocormlike body formation, and several applied culture systems for plant regeneration, micropropagation, and materials for genetic transformation. All of the investigations have shown to be applicable for other cultivars/varieties and been considered to undergo further researches and to be upscaled for commercial goals. Each investigation/study is presented with its materials and methods, the obtained results and suggestion for further research. Progress of plant biotechnology involved in these new methodologies has been reviewed, showing their advantages in modification of plant culture media, optimization of physical, chemical and physiological conditions for in vitro flowering, advanced micropropagation of recalcitrant plants, standardization of synseed production and preservation, applications and modification of advanced culture systems, and studies on shoot morphogenesis and regeneration, somatic embryogenesis and protocorm-like body formation. In addition to potential application and further research, a few problems that have arisen and disadvantages are also recorded with some solutions provided by presenting methodologies or other research ideas to be executed a posteri for improvement of these micropropagation methods and culture systems.

[1]  G. Saiprasad,et al.  Propagation of three orchid genera using encapsulated protocorm-like bodies , 2007, In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology - Plant.

[2]  D. Nhựt,et al.  The role of sucrose and different cytokinins in the in vitro floral morphogenesis of rose (hybrid tea) cv. “First Prize” , 2006, Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture.

[3]  D. Nhựt,et al.  A novel in vitro hydroponic culture system for potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) microtuber production , 2006 .

[4]  D. Khiem,et al.  Microponic and hydroponic techniques in disease-free chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum sp.) production. , 2005 .

[5]  I. Chet,et al.  Control ofRhizoctonia solani andSclerotium rolfsii in the greenhouse using endophyticBacillus spp. , 1995, European Journal of Plant Pathology.

[6]  D. Khiem,et al.  A WOUNDING METHOD AND LIQUID CULTURE IN PAPHIOPEDILUM DELENATII PROPAGATION , 2005 .

[7]  D. Nhựt,et al.  ARTIFICIAL SEEDS FOR PROPAGATION AND PRESERVATION OF CYMBIDIUM SPP. , 2005 .

[8]  M. Cañal,et al.  Optimization of plantain (Musa AAB) micropropagation by temporary immersion system , 2005, Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture.

[9]  W. Curtis.  Application of bioreactor design principles to plant micropropagation , 2005, Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture.

[10]  K. Paek,et al.  Application of bioreactor systems for large scale production of horticultural and medicinal plants , 2005, Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture.

[11]  G. Franklin,et al.  Factors affecting in vitro flowering and fruiting of green pea (Pisum sativum L.) , 2000, Euphytica.

[12]  Wei-Chin Chang,et al.  Plant regeneration from callus culture of a Paphiopedilum hybrid , 2000, Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture.

[13]  N. Nito,et al.  In vitro flowering of Fortunella hindsii (Champ.) , 1996, Plant Cell Reports.

[14]  K. Paek,et al.  EFFECT OF AERATION ON THE GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF GYPSOPHYLA PANICULATA L. CULTURED IN VITRO , 2004 .

[15]  A. Singh,et al.  Plant regeneration from encapsulated nodal segments of Dalbergia sissoo Roxb., a timber-yielding leguminous tree species. , 2004, Journal of plant physiology.

[16]  J. Chen,et al.  Plant regeneration through direct shoot bud formation from leaf cultures of Paphiopedilum orchids , 2004, Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture.

[17]  Yongqin Chen,et al.  Effects of thidiazuron and N6-benzylaminopurine on shoot regeneration of Phalaenopsis , 2004, Plant Growth Regulation.

[18]  A. Sakai,et al.  Simplified cryopreservation of sweet potato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.] by optimizing conditions for osmoprotection , 2003, Plant Cell Reports.

[19]  B. Ford-Lloyd,et al.  Encapsulation of nodal cuttings and shoot tips for storage and exchange of cassava germplasm , 2003, Plant Cell Reports.

[20]  H. Schumacher,et al.  Cryopreservation of Chrysanthemum morifolium (Dendranthema grandiflora Ramat.) using different approaches , 2003, Plant Cell Reports.

[21]  D. Nhựt.  In vitro growth and physiological aspects of some horticultural plantlets cultured under red and blue light-emitting diodes (LEDs) , 2002 .

[22]  T. Murashige,et al.  Paphiopedilum cloning in vitro , 2001 .

[23]  J. Majada,et al.  Air exchange rate affects the in vitro developed leaf cuticle of carnation , 2001 .

[24]  B. Oh,et al.  Induction of early flowering in Cymbidium niveo-marginatum Mak in vitro , 1999, Plant Cell Reports.

[25]  M. Ziv.  Developmental and Structural Patterns of in vitro Plants , 1999 .

[26]  T. Kozai,et al.  Development of a forced ventilation micropropagation system for large-scale photoautotrophic culture and its utilization in sweet potato , 1999, In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology - Plant.

[27]  Yong-beom Lee,et al.  Growth and Leaf-surface Characteristics of Chrysanthemum Plantlets between Micropropagation and Microponic System , 1998 .

[28]  J. M. Tuyl,et al.  Somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration in Lilium longiflorum Thunb , 1997, Plant Cell Reports.

[29]  W. Mahaffee,et al.  Bacterial endophytes in agricultural crops , 1997 .

[30]  J. Nowak,et al.  Rhizobacteria for improvement of plant growth and establishment , 1997 .

[31]  A. Basu,et al.  Transgenic elite indica rice plants expressing CryIAc delta-endotoxin of Bacillus thuringiensis are resistant against yellow stem borer (Scirpophaga incertulas). , 1997, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[32]  Byoung Ryong Jeong,et al.  GROWTH OF GERBERA HYBRIDA IN VITRO AS AFFECTED BY CO2 CONCENTRATION AND AIR EXCHANGE RATE OF THE VESSEL , 1996 .

[33]  K. Haensch.  Plant regeneration through somatic embryogenesis in different genotypes of Lilium-hybrids , 1996 .

[34]  C. Brown,et al.  Root-Shoot Interaction in the Greening of Wheat Seedlings Grown under Red Light , 1995, Plant physiology.

[35]  E. Teoh,et al.  Orchids of Asia , 1994 .

[36]  T. Thorpe.  In vitro Organogenesis and Somatic Embryogenesis: Physiological and Biochemical Aspects , 1993 .

[37]  V. Sawhney,et al.  In Vitro Floral Development of Oilseed Rape (Brassica napus L.): The Effects of pH and Plant Growth Regulators , 1991 .

[38]  T. Kozai,et al.  DEVELOPMENT OF A PHOTOAUTOTROPHIC TISSUE CULTURE SYSTEM FOR SHOOTS AND/OR PLANTLETS AT ROOTING AND ACCLIMATIZATION STAGES , 1988 .

[39]  K. Redenbaugh,et al.  Encapsulation of Somatic Embryos in Synthetic Seed Coats , 1987, HortScience.

[40]  M. Ziv.  18 – IN VITRO HARDENING AND ACCLIMATIZATION OF TISSUE CULTURE PLANTS , 1986 .

[41]  J. Stewart,et al.  Tissue culture studies in Paphiopedilum , 1975 .

[42]  R. Kessell,et al.  The Effect of Dissolved Oxygen Concentration on Growth and Differentiation of Carrot (Daucus carota) Tissue , 1972 .

[43]  F. Skoog,et al.  A revised medium for rapid growth and bio assays with tobacco tissue cultures , 1962 .

[44]  W. T. Schlapfer.  Tissue and Organ Culture , 1981 .