Vignettes in Osteoporosis: A Road Map to Successful Therapeutics

The diagnosis and management of osteoporosis have become increasingly more complex as new drugs enter the marketplace and meta‐analyses of randomized trials with “other” agents become more prolific. We describe five common clinical scenarios encountered in the practice of osteoporosis medicine and various road maps that could lead to successful therapy.

[1]  J. Kanis,et al.  Assessment of fracture risk and its application to screening for postmenopausal osteoporosis: Synopsis of a WHO report , 1994, Osteoporosis International.

[2]  Mary L Bouxsein,et al.  The effects of parathyroid hormone and alendronate alone or in combination in postmenopausal osteoporosis. , 2003, The New England journal of medicine.

[3]  Robert B Wallace,et al.  Estrogen plus progestin and the incidence of dementia and mild cognitive impairment in postmenopausal women: the Women's Health Initiative Memory Study: a randomized controlled trial. , 2003, JAMA.

[4]  L. Gilula,et al.  Midterm outcome after vertebroplasty: predictive value of technical and patient-related factors. , 2003, Radiology.

[5]  L. Gilula,et al.  Percutaneous vertebroplasty: treatment of painful vertebral compression fractures with intraosseous vacuum phenomena. , 2003, AJR. American journal of roentgenology.

[6]  J. Nemes,et al.  Load shift of the intervertebral disc after a vertebroplasty: a finite-element study , 2003, European Spine Journal.

[7]  N. Watts Is percutaneous vertebral augmentation (vertebroplasty) effective treatment for painful vertebral fractures? , 2003, The American journal of medicine.

[8]  M. Yazu,et al.  Biomechanical evaluation of kyphoplasty and vertebroplasty with calcium phosphate cement in a simulated osteoporotic compression fracture , 2003, Journal of orthopaedic science : official journal of the Japanese Orthopaedic Association.

[9]  R. Doll,et al.  Effect of four monthly oral vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) supplementation on fractures and mortality in men and women living in the community: randomised double blind controlled trial , 2003, BMJ : British Medical Journal.

[10]  K. Ohnaka,et al.  [Pathogenesis and treatment of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis]. , 2003, Clinical calcium.

[11]  S. Greenspan,et al.  Significant Differential Effects of Alendronate, Estrogen, or Combination Therapy on the Rate of Bone Loss after Discontinuation of Treatment of Postmenopausal Osteoporosis , 2002, Annals of Internal Medicine.

[12]  D. Felsenberg,et al.  High prevalence of osteoporotic vertebral fractures in patients with Crohn’s disease , 2002, Gut.

[13]  D. Meier,et al.  Yield of laboratory testing to identify secondary contributors to osteoporosis in otherwise healthy women. , 2002, The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism.

[14]  J. Peipert,et al.  Screening for Osteoporosis in Postmenopausal Women: Recommendations and Rationale , 2002, Annals of Internal Medicine.

[15]  G. Guyatt,et al.  Summary of meta-analyses of therapies for postmenopausal osteoporosis and the relationship between bone density and fractures. , 2002, Endocrinology and metabolism clinics of North America.

[16]  H. Nelson Assessing benefits and harms of hormone replacement therapy: clinical applications. , 2002, JAMA.

[17]  Heidi D Nelson,et al.  Postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy: scientific review. , 2002, JAMA.

[18]  Gordon Guyatt,et al.  Meta-analyses of therapies for postmenopausal osteoporosis. IX: Summary of meta-analyses of therapies for postmenopausal osteoporosis. , 2002, Endocrine reviews.

[19]  L. Melton,et al.  Long-term fracture risk in patients with Crohn's disease: a population-based study in Olmsted County, Minnesota. , 2002, Gastroenterology.

[20]  J. Reginster,et al.  Efficacy of raloxifene on vertebral fracture risk reduction in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis: four-year results from a randomized clinical trial. , 2002, The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism.

[21]  S. Papapoulos,et al.  A New Approach to the Development of Assessment Guidelines for Osteoporosis , 2002, Osteoporosis International.

[22]  Charles Kooperberg,et al.  Risks and benefits of estrogen plus progestin in healthy postmenopausal women: principal results From the Women's Health Initiative randomized controlled trial. , 2002, JAMA.

[23]  R. Lindsay,et al.  Anabolic Action of Parathyroid Hormone Is Skeletal Site Specific at the Tissue and Cellular Levels in Mice , 2002, Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.

[24]  H. Handoll,et al.  The Cochrane Musculoskeletal Injuries Group , 2002, Acta orthopaedica Scandinavica. Supplementum.

[25]  H. Handoll,et al.  Systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and methodology. , 2001, The Journal of bone and joint surgery. American volume.

[26]  P. Lips,et al.  Vitamin D deficiency and secondary hyperparathyroidism in the elderly: consequences for bone loss and fractures and therapeutic implications. , 2001, Endocrine reviews.

[27]  J. Reginster,et al.  Effect of parathyroid hormone (1-34) on fractures and bone mineral density in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. , 2001, The New England journal of medicine.

[28]  R. Lindsay,et al.  Parathyroid Hormone Added to Established Hormone Therapy: Effects on Vertebral Fracture and Maintenance of Bone Mass After Parathyroid Hormone Withdrawal , 2001, Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.

[29]  P Geusens,et al.  Effect of risedronate on the risk of hip fracture in elderly women. Hip Intervention Program Study Group. , 2001, The New England journal of medicine.

[30]  M. Hochberg,et al.  Recommendations for the Prevention and Treatment of Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteoporosis , 1996 .

[31]  M. Hochberg,et al.  Recommendations for the prevention and treatment of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis: 2001 Update: American College of Rheumatology Ad Hoc Committee on glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis , 2001 .

[32]  Jacques P. Brown,et al.  Two-year effects of alendronate on bone mineral density and vertebral fracture in patients receiving glucocorticoids: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled extension trial. , 2001, Arthritis and rheumatism.

[33]  R. Goodman,et al.  The effect of risedronate on the risk of hip fracture in elderly women. , 2001, The New England journal of medicine.

[34]  S. Cummings,et al.  Fracture risk reduction with alendronate in women with osteoporosis: the Fracture Intervention Trial. FIT Research Group. , 2000, The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism.

[35]  S. Papapoulos Bisphosphonates in the treatment of osteoporosis. Principles and efficacy. , 2000, Annales de medecine interne.

[36]  D. Reid,et al.  Effects of Risedronate Treatment on Bone Density and Vertebral Fracture in Patients on Corticosteroid Therapy , 2000, Calcified Tissue International.

[37]  C. Cooper,et al.  Epidemiology of fractures and assessment of fracture risk. , 2000, Clinics in laboratory medicine.

[38]  E. Orwoll,et al.  Alendronate for the treatment of osteoporosis in men. , 2000, The New England journal of medicine.

[39]  S. Cummings,et al.  Monitoring osteoporosis therapy with bone densitometry: misleading changes and regression to the mean. Fracture Intervention Trial Research Group. , 2000, JAMA.

[40]  C. Rosen,et al.  Enhancement of bone mass in osteoporotic women with parathyroid hormone followed by alendronate. , 2000, The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism.

[41]  H. Genant,et al.  Bone Mass Continues to Increase at the Hip After Parathyroid Hormone Treatment Is Discontinued in Glucocorticoid‐Induced Osteoporosis: Results of a Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial , 2000, Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.

[42]  S. Cummings,et al.  Monitoring Osteoporosis Therapy With Bone Densitometry: Misleading Changes and Regression to the Mean , 2000 .

[43]  Harry K. Genant,et al.  Reduction of Vertebral Fracture Risk in Postmenopausal Women With Osteoporosis Treated With Raloxifene: Results From a 3-year Randomized Clinical Trial , 2000 .

[44]  H K Genant,et al.  Effects of risedronate treatment on vertebral and nonvertebral fractures in women with postmenopausal osteoporosis: a randomized controlled trial. Vertebral Efficacy With Risedronate Therapy (VERT) Study Group. , 1999, JAMA.

[45]  R. Parker,et al.  Classification of osteoporosis and osteopenia in postmenopausal women is dependent on site-specific analysis. , 1999, Journal of clinical densitometry : the official journal of the International Society for Clinical Densitometry.

[46]  C C Glüer,et al.  Reduction of vertebral fracture risk in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis treated with raloxifene: results from a 3-year randomized clinical trial. Multiple Outcomes of Raloxifene Evaluation (MORE) Investigators. , 1999, JAMA.

[47]  R. Recker,et al.  The effect of low-dose continuous estrogen and progesterone therapy with calcium and vitamin D on bone in elderly women. A randomized, controlled trial. , 1999, Annals of internal medicine.

[48]  H. Genant,et al.  Parathyroid hormone treatment can reverse corticosteroid-induced osteoporosis. Results of a randomized controlled clinical trial. , 1998, The Journal of clinical investigation.

[49]  T. Toth,et al.  Prevention of estrogen deficiency-related bone loss with human parathyroid hormone-(1-34): a randomized controlled trial. , 1998, JAMA.

[50]  C. Rosen,et al.  The predictive value of biochemical markers of bone turnover for bone mineral density in early postmenopausal women treated with hormone replacement or calcium supplementation. , 1997, The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism.

[51]  S. Cummings,et al.  Randomised trial of effect of alendronate on risk of fracture in women with existing vertebral fractures , 1996, The Lancet.

[52]  B. Lukert Etidronate in the management of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis. , 1995, The American journal of medicine.

[53]  S. Cummings,et al.  Estrogen Replacement Therapy and Fractures in Older Women , 1995, Annals of Internal Medicine.

[54]  S. Cummings,et al.  Estrogen replacement therapy and fractures in older women. Study of Osteoporotic Fractures Research Group. , 1995, Annals of internal medicine.

[55]  M. Tinetti,et al.  A multifactorial intervention to reduce the risk of falling among elderly people living in the community. , 1994, The New England journal of medicine.

[56]  M. M. Petersen,et al.  Effect of external hip protectors on hip fractures , 1993, The Lancet.

[57]  Claus Christiansen,et al.  Diagnosis of Osteoporosis , 1992, Southern medical journal.

[58]  C. Cooper,et al.  Incidence of clinically diagnosed vertebral fractures: A population‐based study in rochester, minnesota, 1985‐1989 , 1992, Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.