Tubular structured bacterial cellulose-based nitrite sensor: preparation and environmental application

Bacterial cellulose (BC) is a polysaccharide with tubular structure and can be produced by various species of bacteria particularly Acetobacter xylinum. It is a promising matrix for fabricating electrochemical devices as a mechanically strong, flexible, and biocompatible carbon-based material. In the present work, BC and graphene oxide (GO) composite was obtained simply via a mixing method. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images showed that the BC nanofibers were imbedded in the GO wrinkled sheets. Raman spectra showed the D and G bans of BC-GO shifted towards higher frequency. Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy spectra confirmed a hybrid structure was successfully obtained. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) results showed the BC-GO modified electrode had the best electrochemical activity. Nitrite could be oxidized using the BC-GO modified electrode in a wide range of pHs. The amperometric response result indicated the BC-GO modified GCE can be used to determine nitrite concentration in a wide linear range of 0.5 to 4590 μM with detection limit and sensitivity of 0.2 μM and 527.35 μA μM−1 cm−2, respectively. The BC-GO nitrite sensor also showed good anti-interference and real sample analysis performances.

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