A Systematic Review of Cybersickness

The uptake of new interface technologies, such as the Oculus Rift have generated renewed interest in virtual reality especially for private entertainment use. However, long standing issues with unwanted side effects, such as nausea from cybersickness, continue to impact on the general use of devices such as head mounted displays. This in turn has slowed the uptake of more immersive interfaces for computer gaming and indeed more serious applications in training and health. In this paper we report a systematic review in the area of cybersickness with a focus on measuring the diverse symptoms experienced. Indeed the related conditions of simulator sickness and motion sickness have previously been well studied and yet many of the issues are unresolved. Here we report on these issues along with a number of measures, both subjective and objective in nature, using either questionnaires or psychophysiological measures that have been used to study cybersickness. We also report on the factors, individual, device related and task dependent that impact on the condition. We conclude that there remains a need to develop more cost-effective and objective physiological measures of both the impact of cybersickness and a person's susceptibility to the condition.

[1]  Konrad Pesudovs,et al.  The development of a symptom questionnaire for assessing virtual reality viewing using a head-mounted display. , 2005, Optometry and vision science : official publication of the American Academy of Optometry.

[2]  Brendan Iribe.  Oculus Rift를 이용한 체감형 게임 구현 , 2014 .

[3]  David M Johnson,et al.  Introduction to and Review of Simulator Sickness Research , 2005 .

[4]  S. Bouchard,et al.  NEW DIMENSIONS IN THE ASSESSMENT OF VIRTUAL REALITY INDUCED SIDE EFFECTS EXPLORING NEW DIMENSIONS IN THE ASSESSMENT OF VIRTUAL REALITY INDUCED SIDE EFFECTS , 2012 .

[5]  Michael E. McCauley,et al.  Cybersickness: Perception of Self-Motion in Virtual Environments , 1992, Presence: Teleoperators & Virtual Environments.

[6]  Ivan E. Sutherland,et al.  A head-mounted three dimensional display , 1968, AFIPS Fall Joint Computing Conference.

[7]  T. Stoffregen,et al.  An ecological Theory of Motion Sickness and Postural Instability , 1991 .

[8]  R S Kennedy,et al.  Use of a motion sickness history questionnaire for prediction of simulator sickness. , 1992, Aviation, space, and environmental medicine.

[9]  Yuri Antonio Gonçalves Vilas Boas.  Overview of Virtual Reality Technologies , 2012 .

[10]  P. Howarth,et al.  The occurrence of virtual simulation sickness symptoms when an HMD was used as a personal viewing system , 1997 .

[11]  B D Lawson,et al.  The sopite syndrome revisited: drowsiness and mood changes during real or apparent motion. , 1998, Acta astronautica.

[12]  R. Kruk.  Simulator sickness experience in simulators equipped with fiber optic helmet mounted display systems , 1992 .

[13]  L. Hardacre,et al.  Some issues in the development of a motion sickness questionnaire for flight students. , 1963, Aerospace medicine.

[14]  Francis Hamit,et al.  Virtual reality and the exploration of cyberspace , 1993 .

[15]  Young Youn Kim,et al.  Characteristic changes in the physiological components of cybersickness. , 2005, Psychophysiology.

[16]  J. Golding.  Motion sickness susceptibility questionnaire revised and its relationship to other forms of sickness , 1998, Brain Research Bulletin.

[17]  Andy T. K. Ho,et al.  A Metric to Quantify Virtual Scene Movement for the Study of Cybersickness: Definition, Implementation, and Verification , 2001, Presence: Teleoperators & Virtual Environments.

[18]  A GRAYBIEL,et al.  MOTION SICKNESS SYMPTOMATOLOGY OF LABYRINTHINE DEFECTIVE AND NORMAL SUBJECTS DURING ZERO GRAVITY MANEUVERS. , 1964, Aerospace medicine.

[19]  Eugenia M. Kolasinski,et al.  Simulator Sickness in Virtual Environments. , 1995 .

[20]  Carolina Cruz-Neira,et al.  Surround-Screen Projection-Based Virtual Reality: The Design and Implementation of the CAVE , 2023 .

[21]  John R. Wilson,et al.  Virtual Reality-Induced Symptoms and Effects (VRISE) , 1999, Presence: Teleoperators & Virtual Environments.

[22]  Julie M. Drexler,et al.  Cybersickness is Not Simulator Sickness , 1997 .

[23]  A. Graybiel,et al.  Diagnostic criteria for grading the severity of acute motion sickness. , 1968, Aerospace medicine.

[24]  Robert S. Kennedy,et al.  Simulator Sickness Questionnaire: An enhanced method for quantifying simulator sickness. , 1993 .

[25]  E. Muth,et al.  A questionnaire for the assessment of the multiple dimensions of motion sickness. , 2001, Aviation, space, and environmental medicine.

[26]  P S Cowings,et al.  General autonomic components of motion sickness. , 1986, Psychophysiology.

[27]  J F Thayer,et al.  Assessment of the multiple dimensions of nausea: the Nausea Profile (NP). , 1996, Journal of psychosomatic research.

[28]  Joseph J. LaViola,et al.  A discussion of cybersickness in virtual environments , 2000, SGCH.