The Structure and Function of Proline Recognition Domains

One particularly abundant group of modular recognition domains consists of those that bind proline-rich motifs. Such modules, including the SH3, WW, and EVH1 domains, play a critical role in the assembly and regulation of many intracellular signaling complexes. These domains use strikingly similar molecular mechanisms of proline recognition. We discuss some of the potential biological advantages conferred by proline recognition, which may explain its widespread use in signaling. This STKE Review describes one class of protein interaction domains: the proline-binding domains. Conserved protein domains are critical to the assembly and regulation of many intracellular signaling complexes and pathways. Proline-binding domains serve two main functions: to serve as assembly points in signaling complexes and to serve a regulatory role in controlling protein activity. With seven figures and one table, this review provides detailed structural information about three main proline-binding motifs (the SH3, WW, and EVH1 domains), as well as brief descriptions of other proline-binding domains. The review has 91 references, seven figures, one table, and five interactive images.

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