Application of an Informatics-Based Decision-Making Framework and Process to the Assessment of Radiation Safety in Nanotechnology

AbstractThe National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements (NCRP) established NCRP Scientific Committee 2‐6 to develop a report on the current state of knowledge and guidance for radiation safety programs involved with nanotechnology. Nanotechnology is the understanding and control of matter at the nanoscale, at dimensions between ∼1 and 100 nm, where unique phenomena enable novel applications. While the full report is in preparation, this paper presents and applies an informatics-based decision-making framework and process through which the radiation protection community can anticipate that nano-enabled applications, processes, nanomaterials, and nanoparticles are likely to become present or are already present in radiation-related activities; recognize specific situations where environmental and worker safety, health, well-being, and productivity may be affected by nano-related activities; evaluate how radiation protection practices may need to be altered to improve protection; control information, interpretations, assumptions, and conclusions to implement scientifically sound decisions and actions; and confirm that desired protection outcomes have been achieved. This generally applicable framework and supporting process can be continuously applied to achieve health and safety at the convergence of nanotechnology and radiation-related activities.

[1]  Diel Jh,et al.  Ultrafine 239PuO2 aerosol generation, characterization and short-term inhalation study in the rat. , 1980 .

[2]  Welland,et al.  Approaches to Safe Nanotechnology Managing the Health and Safety Concerns Associated with Engineered Nanomaterials , 2009 .

[3]  Scott E McNeil,et al.  Nanotechnology for the biologist , 2005, Journal of leukocyte biology.

[4]  Mark D. Hoover,et al.  'Toxic' and 'Nontoxic': Confirming Critical Terminology Concepts and Context for Clear Communication , 2014 .

[5]  Jing Wang,et al.  Effects of Particle Size and Morphology on Filtration of Airborne Nanoparticles , 2013 .

[6]  Adan M. Pena,et al.  Radioactive Air Sampling Methods , 2011 .

[7]  Stan W. Casteel,et al.  Bombesin functionalized gold nanoparticles show in vitro and in vivo cancer receptor specificity , 2010, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

[8]  Mark D. Hoover,et al.  Exposure Assessment Considerations for Nanoparticles in the Workplace , 2007 .

[9]  COMMUNICATION OF RADIATION BENEFITS AND RISKS IN DECISION MAKING: SOME LESSONS LEARNED , 2011, Health physics.

[10]  Samy Rengasamy,et al.  Nanoparticle Filtration Performance of Filtering Facepiece Respirators and Canister/cartridge Filters , 2013, Journal of occupational and environmental hygiene.

[11]  M. L. Laucks,et al.  Aerosol Technology Properties, Behavior, and Measurement of Airborne Particles , 2000 .

[12]  Hendrik Engelbrecht,et al.  Radioactive gold nanoparticles in cancer therapy: therapeutic efficacy studies of GA-198AuNP nanoconstruct in prostate tumor-bearing mice. , 2010, Nanomedicine : nanotechnology, biology, and medicine.

[13]  Leigh J. Cash RISK-INFORMED DECISION-MAKING FOR POTENTIAL INHALATION OF PLUTONIUM-239 AND -238 DIOXIDE NANOPARTICLES: USE OF DEFAULT ASSUMPTIONS AND MATERIAL-SPECIFIC DATA FOR ASSESSING DOSE , 2014 .

[14]  G. Ham,et al.  The in vivo solubility of plutonium-239 dioxide in the rat lung. , 1977, Health physics.

[15]  Ronald Allen Knief Risk Management: Expanding Horizons In Nuclear Power And Other Industries , 1991 .

[16]  Safety,et al.  Specification for HEPA filters used by DOE contractors , 1997 .

[17]  J. Boice Implications of radiation dose and exposed populations on radiation protection in the 21st century. , 2014, Health physics.

[18]  G. Kanapilly,et al.  Ultrafine 239PuO2 aerosol generation, characterization and short-term inhalation study in the rat. , 1980, Health physics.

[19]  D. Pui,et al.  Experimental study of nanoparticles penetration through commercial filter media , 2006 .

[20]  이수정 해외산업간호정보 - 미국 산업안전보건연구원(National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health) 소개 , 2009 .

[21]  G. N. Stradling,et al.  Factors affecting the mobility of plutonium-238 dioxide in the rat. , 1978, International journal of radiation biology and related studies in physics, chemistry, and medicine.

[22]  Philip Wexler,et al.  Encyclopedia of Toxicology , 1998 .

[23]  Icrp Human Respiratory Tract Model for Radiological Protection , 1994 .

[24]  F. Rossi,et al.  Cyclotron Production of Radioactive ${\hbox{CeO}} _{2}$ Nanoparticles and Their Application for In Vitro Uptake Studies , 2011, IEEE Transactions on NanoBioscience.

[25]  P. Pedley What it is and how it works , 2001 .

[26]  Samy Rengasamy,et al.  Filtration Performance of NIOSH-Approved N95 and P100 Filtering Facepiece Respirators Against 4 to 30 Nanometer-Size Nanoparticles , 2008, Journal of occupational and environmental hygiene.

[27]  D. Kahan Nanotechnology and Society: The Evolution of Risk Perceptions , 2009, Nature nanotechnology.

[28]  L. F. Ilise Forecasting nano law: defining nano , 2012 .