FESD: An Approach for Biometric Human Footprint Matching Using Fuzzy Ensemble Learning

Biometric traits such as fingerprint, retina scan, and palm-prints are used to identify a person at attendance monitoring, banking, passport, travel, and many other applications. Biometric-based person identification is the only method that never changes according to time, and no one can copy it without knowledge. Footprint-based biometric is one way to recognize a person based on different features associated with human footprints. For example, some places, such as airports, nanotechnology laboratories, silicon industries, temples, and public areas, require high security. It is necessary to add a footprint-based biometric trait for such high alert areas. The number of subjects taken by existing footprint-based methods is limited to very few subjects. The above research gaps motivate to add more subjects for this study. The proposed algorithm utilizes the fuzzy logic-based method for personal identification. Considerably 220 subjects with temporal aspects are taken into account to fill the existing methods gap. Three approaches, Fine Gaussian SVM (FSVM), Fine KNN (FKNN), and Fuzzy Ensemble Subspace Discriminant (FESD), have been utilized to create the enhanced human footprint matcher. The Fine Gaussian SVM approach exhibits an accuracy of 84.7%, the FKNN approach results in an accuracy of 92.3%, and the FESD approach gives an accuracy of 98.89%. FESD approach rectifies the recognition rate(to reach the required accuracy of 98.88%) False Match Rate (FMR, the rate of falsely as genuine classified imposters) at 0.01, False Non-Match Rate at 0.093 which is the rate of falsely as imposter classified genuine users) to a set of different matchers for the identification task. It improves the speed of recognition with 220 subjects by implementing the prototype schemes for footprint biometric to evaluate system properties, including accuracy and performance.