Traffic Flow Characteristics in a Mixed Traffic System Consisting of ACC Vehicles and Manual Vehicles: A Hybrid Modeling Approach

In this paper, the authors investigate traffic flow characteristics in a traffic system consisting of a mixture of adaptive cruise control (ACC) vehicles and manual-controlled (manual) vehicles, by using a hybrid modeling approach. In the hybrid approach, (i) manual vehicles are described by a cellular automaton (CA) model, which can reproduce different traffic states (i.e., free flow, synchronized flow, and jam) as well as probabilistic traffic breakdown phenomenon; (ii) ACC vehicles are simulated by using a car-following model, which removes artificial velocity fluctuations due to intrinsic randomization in CA model. The authors have studied traffic breakdown probability from free flow to congested flow and transition probability from synchronized flow to jam in the mixed traffic system. The results are compared with that, where both ACC vehicles and manual vehicles are simulated by CA models. The qualitative and quantitative differences are indicated.

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