Protection Issues in Microgrids with Multiple Distributed Generation Units

The application of local generators in distribution grids has consequences for the protection system. In this paper, protection issues concerning distributed generation are discussed, followed by a discussion of the results of simulations. These simulations concern the effect of local induction generators on protection selectivity in a system with parallel distribution feeders and the effect on fault detection. It is found that local induction generator can pose a selectivity problem in a system with parallel feeders when a line-to-line fault or a double line-to-ground fault occurs. Regarding the fault current detected at the beginning of a feeder, detected current is lowest when a line-to-line fault or a line-to-ground fault occurs. Depending on the relay settings, this can result in a detection problem.

[1]  M. Baran,et al.  Adaptive over current protection for distribution feeders with distributed generators , 2004, IEEE PES Power Systems Conference and Exposition, 2004..

[2]  C. J. Mozina,et al.  Interconnection protection of IPP generators at commercial/industrial facilities , 2000, Conference Record of the 2000 IEEE Industry Applications Conference. Thirty-Fifth IAS Annual Meeting and World Conference on Industrial Applications of Electrical Energy (Cat. No.00CH37129).

[3]  Guo-cai Dai,et al.  Transient behaviour of short-circuit current and open-circuit voltage in a-Si:H solar cells , 1991 .

[4]  Ian CHILVERS,et al.  DEVELOPMENT OF DISTRIBUTION NETWORK PROTECTION SCHEMES TO MAXIMISE THE CONNECTION OF DISTRIBUTED GENERATION , 2003 .

[5]  A.A. Girgis,et al.  Development of adaptive protection scheme for distribution systems with high penetration of distributed generation , 2004, 2003 IEEE Power Engineering Society General Meeting (IEEE Cat. No.03CH37491).

[6]  J.G. Rolim,et al.  Distributed generation impacts on the coordination of protection systems in distribution networks , 2004, 2004 IEEE/PES Transmision and Distribution Conference and Exposition: Latin America (IEEE Cat. No. 04EX956).

[7]  Roger C. Dugan,et al.  Distributed generation , 2002 .

[8]  F. Iliceto,et al.  Modelling and computer simulation of dispersed generation in distribution networks. Measures to prevent disconnection during system disturbances , 2003, 2003 IEEE Bologna Power Tech Conference Proceedings,.

[9]  M. Baran,et al.  Fault analysis on distribution feeders with distributed generators , 2006, 2006 IEEE Power Engineering Society General Meeting.

[10]  B. Gotzig,et al.  Protection of embedded generation connected to a distribution network and loss of mains detection , 2001 .

[11]  Christoph Haederli,et al.  Network integration of distributed power generation , 2002 .

[12]  Sang-Hee Kang,et al.  AGENT-BASED ADAPTIVE PROTECTION COORDINATION IN POWER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS , 2003 .

[13]  A.P.S. Meliopoulos.  Challenges in simulation and design of /spl mu/Grids , 2002, 2002 IEEE Power Engineering Society Winter Meeting. Conference Proceedings (Cat. No.02CH37309).

[14]  Sukumar Brahma,et al.  Microprocessor-based reclosing to coordinate fuse and recloser in a system with high penetration of distributed generation , 2002, 2002 IEEE Power Engineering Society Winter Meeting. Conference Proceedings (Cat. No.02CH37309).

[15]  RELIABILITY ASSESSMENT OF DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS WITH DISTRIBUTED GENERATION INCLUDING FAULT LOCATION AND RESTORATION PROCESS , 2003 .