Teaching ethics makes a difference

The purpose of this study was to examine whether completing ethics training (either as a course in higher education or as work-related training) would predict ethical awareness, judgment, and intent in college students and business professionals. Some predictors of ethical behavior have been identified as age, gender and personality. The present study examined fixed (age, gender, and personality) and modifiable predictors (ethics training) separately and together in decision-making scenarios, controlling for social desirability bias. Results indicated that completing ethics training, either at work or in college, significantly predicted ethicalness. Further, completing ethics courses or training both in college and at work, more strongly predicted ethical awareness, judgment, and intent.

[1]  Robert E. Stevens,et al.  Differences in Ethical Perceptions Between Male and Female Managers" Myth or Reality? , 1987 .

[2]  Shane Connelly,et al.  A Meta-Analytic Investigation of Business Ethics Instruction , 2009 .

[3]  S. Srivastava,et al.  The Big Five Trait taxonomy: History, measurement, and theoretical perspectives. , 1999 .

[4]  Kenneth E. Bass,et al.  Sex Differences in Motivational Traits and Ethical Decision Making among Graduating Accounting Majors , 2005 .

[5]  Michael K. Shaub An analysis of the association of traditional demographic variables with the moral reasoning of auditing students and auditors , 1994 .

[6]  Laurie W. Pant,et al.  An Examination of Differences in Ethical Decision-Making Between Canadian Business Students and Accounting Professionals , 2001 .

[7]  Patrick De Pelsmacker,et al.  The Ethical Dimensions of Decision Processes of Employees , 2001 .

[8]  B. A. Stead,et al.  Can social awareness be increased through business school curricula? , 1988 .

[9]  Dennis W. Organ,et al.  Personality, satisfaction, and organizational citizenship behavior. , 1995 .

[10]  G. E. Stevens Business Ethics And Social-Responsibility - The Responses Of Present And Future Managers , 1984 .

[11]  Gregor Dorfleitner,et al.  What factors drive personal loan fraud? Evidence from Germany , 2014 .

[12]  V. A. Harris,et al.  The Attribution of Attitudes , 1967 .

[13]  J. Kelly,et al.  Personality characteristics, parent behaviors, and sex of subject in relation to cheating. , 1978 .

[14]  Jennifer L. Kisamore,et al.  Academic Integrity: The Relationship between Individual and Situational Factors on Misconduct Contemplations , 2007 .

[15]  Thomas M. Jones,et al.  Enhancing the Ability of Business Students to Recognize Ethical Issues: An Empirical Assessment of the Effectiveness of a Course in Business Ethics , 1998 .

[16]  E. Sabău Fraud Risk Management – Human Rationalization Assessment , 2013 .

[17]  Susan C. Borkowski,et al.  Business Students and Ethics: A Meta-Analysis , 1998 .

[18]  J. Raadschelders,et al.  Beyond Ethical Codes: The Management of Integrity in the Netherlands Tax and Customs Administration , 2004 .

[19]  Gary F. Kohut,et al.  The Relationship of Age, Gender, Experience and Awareness of Written Ethics Policies to Business Decision Making , 1994 .

[20]  I. Ajzen The theory of planned behavior , 1991 .

[21]  John A. Schibrowsky,et al.  The Impact of Corporate Culture, the Reward System, and Perceived Moral Intensity on Marketing Students' Ethical Decision Making , 2005 .

[22]  S. Levine,et al.  Aggregated Personality, Climate and Demographic Factors as Predictors of Departmental Shrinkage , 2002 .

[23]  James R. Harris,et al.  Unravelling the ethical decision-making process: Clues from an empirical study comparingFortune 1 000 executives and MBA students , 1995 .

[24]  Ronald R. Sims,et al.  Teaching Business Ethics: Targeted Outputs , 2005 .

[25]  I. Ajzen Attitudes, Personality and Behavior , 1988 .

[26]  Stuart A. Youngblood,et al.  Bad apples in bad barrels: A causal analysis of ethical decision-making behavior. , 1990 .

[27]  Solomon E. Feldman,et al.  College cheating as a function of subject and situational variables. , 1964 .

[28]  William P. Smith,et al.  Ethics Perception: Does Teaching Make a Difference? , 2008 .

[29]  William P. Smith,et al.  Moral Issues and Gender Differences in Ethical Judgment using Reidenbach and Robin’s (1990) Multidimensional Ethics Scale: Implications in Teaching of Business Ethics , 2008 .

[30]  J. Sweeney,et al.  Cognitive moral development and auditor independence , 1997 .

[31]  Deborah L. Kidder,et al.  The Good, the Bad, and the Misguided: How Managers Inadvertently Encourage Deviant Behaviors , 2006 .

[32]  Nina Mazar,et al.  The Dishonesty of Honest People: A Theory of Self-Concept Maintenance , 2008 .

[33]  C. A. Higgins,et al.  THE BIG FIVE PERSONALITY TRAITS, GENERAL MENTAL ABILITY, AND CAREER SUCCESS ACROSS THE LIFE SPAN , 1999 .

[34]  James Weber,et al.  Principled moral reasoning: Is it a viable approach to promote ethical integrity? , 1991 .

[35]  S. Gosling,et al.  Development of personality in early and middle adulthood: set like plaster or persistent change? , 2003, Journal of personality and social psychology.

[36]  John M. Browning,et al.  How ethical are industrial buyers , 1983 .

[37]  T. R. Martin Do Courses in Ethics Improve the Ethical Judgment of Students? , 1981 .

[38]  Ledger Wood Responsibility and Punishment , 1938 .

[39]  Donald P. Robin,et al.  Toward the Development of a Multidimensional Scale for Improving Evaluations of Business Ethics , 1990 .

[40]  Murray R. Barrick,et al.  THE BIG FIVE PERSONALITY DIMENSIONS AND JOB PERFORMANCE: A META-ANALYSIS , 1991 .

[41]  O. John,et al.  Los Cinco Grandes across cultures and ethnic groups: multitrait multimethod analyses of the Big Five in Spanish and English. , 1998, Journal of personality and social psychology.

[42]  I. Ajzen,et al.  Attitude-behavior relations: A theoretical analysis and review of empirical research. , 1977 .

[43]  J. Lefkowitz,et al.  Individual and Organizational Antecedents of Misconduct in Organizations , 2009 .

[44]  Chockalingam Viswesvaran,et al.  Whistleblowing in Organizations: An Examination of Correlates of Whistleblowing Intentions, Actions, and Retaliation , 2005 .

[45]  James R. Rest Moral Development: Advances in Research and Theory , 1986 .

[46]  S. Kerr On the folly of rewarding A, while hoping for B. , 1975, Academy of Management journal. Academy of Management.

[47]  Michael E. Brown,et al.  Managing to be ethical: debunking five business ethics myths , 2004, IEEE Engineering Management Review.

[48]  P. Costa,et al.  Personality in adulthood: a six-year longitudinal study of self-reports and spouse ratings on the NEO Personality Inventory. , 1988, Journal of personality and social psychology.

[49]  P. Costa,et al.  Facet Scales for Agreeableness and Conscientiousness: A Revision of the NEO Personality Inventory☆ , 1991 .

[50]  N. Ashkanasy,et al.  Bad apples in bad barrels revisited: Cognitive moral development, just world beliefs, rewards, and ethical decision-making , 2006 .

[51]  K. Anstey,et al.  Factors distinguishing suicide attempters from suicide ideators in a community sample: social issues and physical health problems , 2006, Psychological Medicine.

[52]  Trevor T. Moores,et al.  Ethical Decision Making in Software Piracy: Initial Development and a Test of a Four-Component Model , 2006, MIS Q..

[53]  David P. Boyd,et al.  Improving Ethical Awareness Through the Business and Society Course , 1981 .

[54]  Francesca Burke,et al.  Lessons Learned from Ethics in the Classroom: Exploring Student Growth in Flexibility, Complexity and Comprehension , 1998 .

[55]  James K. Harter,et al.  Interactive effects of personality and perceptions of the work situation on workplace deviance. , 2004, The Journal of applied psychology.

[56]  M. Mount,et al.  RELATIONSHIP OF PERSONALITY TRAITS AND COUNTERPRODUCTIVE WORK BEHAVIORS: THE MEDIATING EFFECTS OF JOB SATISFACTION , 2006 .

[57]  Dan Ariely,et al.  Dishonesty in Everyday Life and Its Policy Implications , 2006 .

[58]  L. Kohlberg Stage and sequence: The cognitive-developmental approach to socialization , 1969 .

[59]  Benjamin Schneider,et al.  A Note on the Stability of the Job Descriptive Index (J. D. I.). , 1978 .

[60]  W. R. Wynd,et al.  The Business and Society course: Does it change student attitudes? , 1989 .

[61]  L. Treviño Ethical Decision Making in Organizations: A Person-Situation Interactionist Model , 1986 .

[62]  R. Gray,et al.  Teaching ethics in accounting and the ethics of accounting teaching: educating for immorality and a possible case for social and environmental accounting education , 1994 .

[63]  Bill Coffin,et al.  Breaking the silence on white collar crime , 2003 .

[64]  Glen D. Moyes,et al.  Ethical Perceptions among Hispanic Students: Differences by Major and Gender. , 2004 .

[65]  James R. GlennJr. Can a Business and Society course affect the ethical judgment of future managers , 1992 .

[66]  Paul Frijters,et al.  The Anatomy of Subjective Well-Being , 2001 .

[67]  D. Worrell,et al.  An integrative model for understanding and managing ethical behavior in business organizations , 1990 .

[68]  Bob S. Brown,et al.  A Investigation of Academic Dishonesty among Business Students at Public and Private United States Universities , 2005 .

[69]  Donald O. Neubaum,et al.  Firm Newness, Entrepreneurial Orientation, and Ethical Climate , 2004 .

[70]  L. Ferrell,et al.  A Review of Empirical Studies Assessing Ethical Decision Making in Business , 2000 .

[71]  Douglas E. Ziegenfuss Differences in Personal Ethical Philosophy Among Accounting Students and Between Accounting Students and Practitioners , 1999 .

[72]  Abha Chatterjee,et al.  Factors Related to the Cognitive Moral Development of Business Students and Business Professionals in India and the United States: Nationality, Education, Sex and Gender , 2002 .

[73]  Shannon A. Bowen Organizational Factors Encouraging Ethical Decision Making: An Exploration into the Case of an Exemplar , 2004 .

[74]  Michael D. Robinson,et al.  Traits, States, and encoding speed: support for a top-down view of neuroticism/state relations. , 2007, Journal of personality.