AN EXPERIMENT ON THE PREVENTION OF SHOPLIFTING

The aim of this experiment was to evaluate the effectiveness of crime analysis and situational prevention in preventing shoplifting. Three prevention techniques were compared: electronic tagging, store redesign, and deployment of a uniformed guard. Shoplifting was measured by systematically counting specified items every day and comparing the number of missing items with the number sold, given away or used in the store. Nine stores with high shoplifting Address for correspondence: Professor David P. Farrington, Cambridge University, Institute of Criminology, 7 West Road, Cambridge CB3 9DT, England.

[1]  S. Thurber,et al.  Signs may prompt antisocial behavior. , 1980, The Journal of social psychology.

[2]  Ken Pease,et al.  Crime Placement, Displacement, and Deflection , 1990, Crime and Justice.

[3]  R. Clarke,et al.  Modeling Offenders' Decisions: A Framework for Research and Policy , 1985, Crime and Justice.

[4]  P. Cook.  Research in Criminal Deterrence: Laying the Groundwork for the Second Decade , 1980, Crime and Justice.

[5]  L. Melin,et al.  Theft reduction in a grocery store through product identification and graphing of losses for employees. , 1988, Journal of applied behavior analysis.

[6]  D. Farrington,et al.  Abnormal offenders, delinquency, and the criminal justice system , 1982, Psychological Medicine.

[7]  J. Schnelle,et al.  An experimental analysis of a program to reduce retail theft , 1980, American journal of community psychology.

[8]  Ronald V. Clarke,et al.  “Situational” Crime Prevention: Theory and Practice , 1980 .

[9]  J. Burrows.  Retail crime : prevention through crime analysis , 1988 .

[10]  JoAnn Ray,et al.  Every Twelfth Shopper: Who Shoplifts and Why? , 1987 .

[11]  M. Nerlove,et al.  Deterrence and delinquency: An analysis of individual data , 1985 .

[12]  R. Clarke.  Situational Crime Prevention: Successful Case Studies , 1992 .

[13]  David P. Farrington,et al.  The Delinquent Way Of Life , 1977 .

[14]  D. Farrington,et al.  AN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY OF SHOPLIFTING , 1984 .

[15]  D. Farrington.  Criminal career research: Lessons for crime prevention. , 1992 .

[16]  Displacement vs. Diffusion of Benefits and the Reduction of Inventory Losses in a Retail Environment , 2006 .

[17]  T. Risley,et al.  Shoplifting prevention: providing information through signs. , 1976, Journal of applied behavior analysis.

[18]  L. Hansson,et al.  SHOPLIFTING REDUCTION THROUGH THE USE OF SPECIFIC SIGNS , 1980 .

[19]  Thomas Gabor,et al.  Crime Displacement and Situational Prevention: Toward the Development of Some Principles , 1990 .

[20]  Gregory R. Schlueter,et al.  Rational vs. Nonrational Shoplifting Types; The Implications for Loss Prevention Strategies , 1989 .

[21]  K. Heal,et al.  Situational crime prevention : from theory into practice , 1986 .

[22]  J. Burrows,et al.  DID SHOPLIFTING REALLY DECREASE , 1993 .

[23]  R. Clarke.  Situational Crime Prevention: Its Theoretical Basis and Practical Scope , 1983 .

[24]  M. Fréchette,et al.  Male Criminal Activity from Childhood Through Youth , 1989 .

[25]  D. Farrington.  Motivations for conduct disorder and delinquency , 1993, Development and Psychopathology.

[26]  Is financial dishonesty a rational decision , 1977 .

[27]  David P. Farrington,et al.  Randomized Experiments on Crime and Justice , 1983, Crime and Justice.