A positioning matrix to assess and to develop CSR strategies

A company CSR commitment, as stated in its Social Report is, actually, perceived by its stakeholders?And in what measure? Moreover, are stakeholders satisfied with the company CSR efforts? Indeed, business returns from Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) practices, such as company reputation and customer loyalty, depend heavily on how stakeholders perceive the company social conduct. In this paper, we propose a methodology to assess a company CSR commitment based on Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) indicators, Content Analysis and a CSR positioning matrix. We evaluate three aspects of CSR: the company commitment disclosed through its Social Report; the company commitment perceived by its stakeholders; the CSR commitment that stakeholders require to the company. The positioning of the company under study in the CSR matrix is based on the comparison among the three commitment aspects (disclosed, perceived, required) and it allows assessment and development of CSR strategies. Keywords—Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), CSR Positioning Matrix, Global Reporting Initiative (GRI), Stakeholder Orientation

[1]  Duygu Turker Measuring Corporate Social Responsibility: A Scale Development Study , 2009 .

[2]  S. Zadek The path to corporate responsibility. , 2004, Harvard business review.

[3]  Michele Grimaldi,et al.  A methodology to assess value creation in communities of innovation , 2012 .

[4]  R. Adler,et al.  Exploring the reliability of social and environmental disclosures content analysis , 1999 .

[5]  Aneel Karnani,et al.  “Doing Well by Doing Good”: The Grand Illusion , 2010 .

[6]  Eugene Schlossberger,et al.  A New Model of Business: Dual-Investor Theory , 1994, Business Ethics Quarterly.

[7]  Irene Pollach,et al.  Communicating Corporate Ethics on the World Wide Web , 2003 .

[8]  Daniel B. Turban,et al.  Corporate Social Performance And Organizational Attractiveness To Prospective Employees , 1997 .

[9]  Shelley Wigley,et al.  Gauging consumers’ responses to CSR activities: Does increased awareness make cents? , 2008 .

[10]  Vidhi A. Chaudhri,et al.  Communicating Corporate Social Responsibility on the Internet , 2007 .

[11]  Eun Mi Lee,et al.  Does perceived consumer fit matter in corporate social responsibility issues , 2012 .

[12]  Aaas News,et al.  Book Reviews , 1893, Buffalo Medical and Surgical Journal.

[13]  Adam Lindgreen,et al.  To Do Well by Doing Good: Improving Corporate Image Through Cause-Related Marketing , 2012 .

[14]  R. Weber Basic Content Analysis , 1986 .

[15]  Armando Calabrese,et al.  Analysis of corporate social responsibility in the service sector: does exist a strategic path? , 2008 .

[16]  Johan Christiaens,et al.  Corporate social responsibility reporting: A comprehensive picture? , 2011 .

[17]  K. Yeoh The New Political Role of Business in a Globalized World: A Review of a New Perspective on CSR and its Implications for the Firm, Governance, and Democracy , 2012 .

[18]  R. Freeman The Politics of Stakeholder Theory: Some Future Directions , 1994, Business Ethics Quarterly.

[19]  D. Windsor Corporate Social Responsibility: Three Key Approaches , 2006 .

[20]  Michele Grimaldi,et al.  A dynamic view of knowledge and information: a stock and flow based methodology , 2008 .

[21]  Guendalina Capece Technological and conceptual accessibility to measure the soundness of an e‐business idea , 2009 .

[22]  A. Carroll,et al.  The Business Case for Corporate Social Responsibility: A Review of Concepts, Research and Practice , 2010 .

[23]  Linda Shields,et al.  Content Analysis , 2015 .

[24]  Bernard L. Simonin,et al.  "Brought to you by Brand A and Brand B" Investigating Multiple Sponsors' Influence On Consumers' Attitudes Toward Sponsored Events , 2003 .

[26]  C. Bhattacharya,et al.  Does Doing Good Always Lead to Doing Better? Consumer Reactions to Corporate Social Responsibility , 2001 .

[27]  Alan Willis,et al.  The Role of the Global Reporting Initiative's Sustainability Reporting Guidelines in the Social Screening of Investments , 2003 .

[28]  A. Scherer,et al.  The New Political Role of Business in a Globalized World: A Review of a New Perspective on CSR and its Implications for the Firm, Governance, and Democracy , 2011 .

[29]  J. Guthrie,et al.  Sustainability reporting by Australian public sector organisations: Why they report , 2008 .

[30]  L. Striukova,et al.  Corporate Reporting of Intellectual Capital: Evidence from UK Companies , 2007 .

[31]  Michael L. Maynard,et al.  Between global and glocal: content analysis of the Chinese Web Sites of the 100 top global brands☆ , 2004 .

[32]  D. Turban,et al.  Corporate Social Performance As a Competitive Advantage in Attracting a Quality Workforce , 2000 .

[33]  Roberta Costa,et al.  A multidimensional approach for CSR assessment: The importance of the stakeholder perception , 2013, Expert Syst. Appl..

[34]  Roberta Costa,et al.  Assessing Intellectual Capital efficiency and productivity: An application to the Italian yacht manufacturing sector , 2012, Expert Syst. Appl..

[35]  W. Marsden I and J , 2012 .

[36]  Armando Calabrese,et al.  Real option's model to evaluate infrastructure flexibility: an application to photovoltaic technology , 2005, Int. J. Technol. Manag..

[37]  B. Husted,et al.  Strategic Corporate Social Responsibility and Value Creation among Large Firms: Lessons from the Spanish Experience , 2007 .

[38]  J. Guthrie,et al.  Content Analysis of Social, Environmental Reporting: What is New? , 2006 .

[39]  D. Vogel Is There a Market for Virtue?: The Business Case for Corporate Social Responsibility , 2005 .

[40]  Vivien Beattie,et al.  Lifting the lid on the use of content analysis to investigate intellectual capital disclosures , 2007 .

[41]  James P. Walsh,et al.  Book Review Essay: Taking Stock of Stakeholder Management , 2005 .

[42]  Guendalina Capece,et al.  The new neighbourhood in the internet era: network communities serving local communities , 2013, Behav. Inf. Technol..

[43]  M. Porter,et al.  Strategy and society: the link between competitive advantage and corporate social responsibility. , 2006, Harvard business review.

[44]  Cedric E. Dawkins,et al.  Corporate Social Responsibility Reporting in South Africa , 2008 .

[45]  Kevin Lane Keller,et al.  Communication Strategies for Brand Extensions: Enhancing Perceived Fit by Establishing Explanatory Links , 2000 .

[46]  Á. Moreno,et al.  Corporate citizenship and public relations: The importance and interactivity of social responsibility issues on corporate websites , 2007 .

[47]  D. Melé,et al.  Corporate Social Responsibility Theories: Mapping the Territory , 2004 .

[48]  Kimberly A. Neuendorf,et al.  The Content Analysis Guidebook , 2001 .

[49]  V. Swaen,et al.  Organizational Stages and Cultural Phases: A Critical Review and a Consolidative Model of Corporate Social Responsibility Development , 2010 .

[50]  R. Costa,et al.  An AHP approach to assess brand intangible assets , 2008 .

[51]  Guendalina Capece,et al.  User satisfaction affecting the acceptance of an e-learning platform as a mean for the development of the human capital , 2013, Behav. Inf. Technol..

[52]  M. Weber The Business Case for Corporate Social Responsibility , 2008 .

[53]  Armando Calabrese,et al.  Service productivity and service quality: A necessary trade-off? , 2012 .

[54]  Philip H. Mirvis,et al.  Stages of Corporate Citizenship , 2006, IEEE Engineering Management Review.

[55]  L. Cricelli,et al.  Asymmetry in mobile access charges: is it an effective regulatory measure? , 2010 .

[56]  Peter A. Heslin,et al.  Understanding and Developing Strategic Corporate Social Responsibility , 2008 .

[57]  R. Hill,et al.  The impact of perceived corporate social responsibility on consumer behavior , 2006 .

[58]  R. Stephenson A and V , 1962, The British journal of ophthalmology.

[59]  Joëlle Vanhamme,et al.  “Too Good to be True!”. The Effectiveness of CSR History in Countering Negative Publicity , 2009 .

[60]  J. D. Margolis,et al.  Misery Loves Companies: Rethinking Social Initiatives by Business , 2003 .

[61]  Ida E. Berger,et al.  Mainstreaming Corporate Social Responsibility: Developing Markets for Virtue , 2007 .

[62]  Sara Dolnicar,et al.  Assessing the Prerequisite of Successful CSR Implementation: Are Consumers Aware of CSR Initiatives? , 2008 .

[63]  Jenny Dawkins,et al.  Corporate responsibility: The communication challenge , 2005 .

[64]  Kyoko Fukukawa,et al.  A Japanese Model of Corporate Social Responsibility , 2004 .

[65]  Kristi Yuthas,et al.  Moral Discourse and Corporate Social Responsibility Reporting , 2008 .

[66]  Adam Lindgreen,et al.  Designing and Implementing Corporate Social Responsibility: A Framework Grounded in Theory and Practice , 2007 .