Study of the nonlinear optical absorption and refraction of indium doped zinc oxide (IZO) thin films using Z-scan technique

Indium doped zinc oxide (IZO) thin films were grown on sapphire substrate by radio frequency (RF/DC) magnetron sputtering technique. The structural characterization and surface morphology of IZO thin films were analyzed using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) respectively. The XRD results show that the samples exhibit polycrystalline characteristics and still retained wurtzite structure. The surface morphology of the samples reveals the average crystallite sizes are increased as indium content. In addition, the linear optical properties of IZO thin films were studied by UV-VIS spectrometer with wavelength range 200-900 nm. The high transmittances and the band gap values were observed in both thin films. Moreover, the nonlinear optical absorption and refraction of IZO thin films were investigated using nanosecond Z-scan technique. These samples show self-focusing optical nonlinearity and good two-photon nonlinear optical absorption behaviors. Therefore, these studies make the IZO thin films as the applications in nonlinear optical devices.

[1]  H. S. Wolff,et al.  iRun: Horizontal and Vertical Shape of a Region-Based Graph Compression , 2022, Sensors.

[2]  N. Mott,et al.  Electronic Processes In Non-Crystalline Materials , 1940 .

[3]  K. V. Rao,et al.  ZnO/TiO2 nanocomposite rods synthesized by microwave-assisted method for humidity sensor application , 2014 .

[4]  S. K. Sudheer,et al.  Highly conductive and transparent laser ablated nanostructured Al: ZnO thin films , 2010 .

[5]  Jihye Lee,et al.  Geometrical Separation of Defect States in ZnO Nanorods and Their Morphology-Dependent Correlation between Photoluminescence and Photoconductivity , 2015 .

[6]  Inkyu Park,et al.  Linear and nonlinear optical properties of one-dimensional photonic crystals containing ZnO defects , 2007 .

[7]  R. M. Mehra,et al.  Nonlinear optical properties of erbium doped zinc oxide (EZO) thin films , 2012 .

[8]  Fang-Hsing Wang,et al.  Effect of substrate temperature on transparent conducting Al and F co-doped ZnO thin films prepared by rf magnetron sputtering , 2016 .

[9]  G. G. Stokes.  "J." , 1890, The New Yale Book of Quotations.

[10]  Xing-Min Cai,et al.  The field emission of indium-doped ZnO films fabricated by room temperature DC magnetron sputtering , 2012 .

[12]  A. El Kenz,et al.  High efficiency of transmittance and electrical conductivity of V doped ZnO used in solar cells applications , 2016 .

[13]  P ? ? ? ? ? ? ? % ? ? ? ? , 1991 .

[14]  Zhaoyao Zhan,et al.  Catalyst-Free, Selective Growth of ZnO Nanowires on SiO2 by Chemical Vapor Deposition for Transfer-Free Fabrication of UV Photodetectors. , 2015, ACS applied materials & interfaces.

[15]  John B. Shoven,et al.  I , Edinburgh Medical and Surgical Journal.

[16]  G Pavithra,et al.  Effect of In doping on the properties and antibacterial activity of ZnO films prepared by spray pyrolysis. , 2015, Spectrochimica acta. Part A, Molecular and biomolecular spectroscopy.

[17]  Paul Choon Keat Lee,et al.  Structural, optical and magnetic properties of (ZnO)1−x(MnO2)x thin films deposited at room temperature , 2008 .

[18]  Youdou Zheng,et al.  Effects of indium doping on the crystallographic, morphological, electrical, and optical properties of highly crystalline ZnO films , 2015 .

[19]  P. Poornesh,et al.  Effect of annealing on the structural and nonlinear optical properties of ZnO thin films under cw regime , 2013 .

[20]  T. K. Sharma,et al.  Observation of low resistivity and high mobility in Ga doped ZnO thin films grown by buffer assisted pulsed laser deposition , 2015 .

[21]  Radhakrishna Prabhu,et al.  Influence of Pr Doping on the Structural, Morphological, Optical, Luminescent and Non-linear Optical Properties of RF-Sputtered ZnO Films , 2016 .

[22]  Zainuriah Hassan,et al.  Effect of nitrogen doping on structural, morphological, optical and electrical properties of radio frequency magnetron sputtered zinc oxide thin films , 2016 .

[23]  Andrew G. Glen,et al.  APPL , 2001 .

[24]  F. Chaabouni,et al.  Some physical investigations on In-doped ZnO films prepared by RF magnetron sputtering using powder compacted target , 2015, Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics.

[25]  E. W. Stryland,et al.  Sensitive Measurement of Optical Nonlinearities Using a Single Beam Special 30th Anniversary Feature , 1990 .

[26]  V. Kubilius,et al.  Properties of In-, Ga-, and Al-doped ZnO films grown by aerosol-assisted MOCVD: Influence of deposition temperature, doping level and annealing , 2015 .

[27]  Zach DeVito,et al.  Opt , 2017 .

[28]  E. W. Stryland,et al.  High-sensitivity, single-beam n(2) measurements. , 1989, Optics letters.

[29]  Magnus Willander,et al.  ZnO Nanostructure-Based Intracellular Sensor , 2015, Sensors.

[30]  Ahmad Fauzi Ismail,et al.  Radio frequency magnetron sputtered ZnO/SiO2/glass thin film: Role of ZnO thickness on structural and optical properties , 2016 .

[31]  Subhash Chander,et al.  Impact of low temperature annealing on structural, optical, electrical and morphological properties of ZnO thin films grown by RF sputtering for photovoltaic applications , 2015 .

[32]  Kanwal Preet Bhatti,et al.  On the room-temperature ferromagnetism in (ZnO)0.98(MnO2)0.02 , 2005 .