Contribution à l'analyse de sûreté de fonctionnement des systèmes complexes en phase de conception : application à l'évaluation des missions d'un réseau de capteurs de présence humaine

La complexite des nouveaux systemes ne cesse de grandir, en terme d’integration de multiples technologies, de nombre de composants, ainsi qu’en terme de performances attendues. De plus, leur phase de conception doit egalement garantir la tenue de delais stricts pour un cout maitrise. Beaucoup de ces systemes doivent notamment fournir des performances elevees en terme de Surete de Fonctionnement (SdF). Les analyses de SdF a mener dans ces cas doivent concilier temps et qualite d’etude, etre realisees a des niveaux de description parfois peu eleves et etre capables de traiter de multiples technologies. C’est pourquoi nous avons cherche durant cette these a decrire une methode d’analyse de la SdF des systemes complexes, integree aux methodes d’Ingenierie Systeme (IS) utilisees, que nous avons nomme MeDISIS. Les travaux de cette these s’attachent donc a rendre plus efficaces les analyses de SdF au cours du processus d’IS, en creant des outils et methodes integres aux outils actuels de conception et proposant un support efficace pour les etudes SdF. Les methodes d’Ingenierie Systeme Basee sur les Modeles sont les plus efficaces pour la creation de tels systemes. Nous placons donc ces travaux dans un referentiel utilisant un modele central, que nous supposons ecrit en SysML. Nous avons alors approfondi 3 axes de recherches : Utiliser le langage SysML comme point d’ancrage du processus d’IS integrant les analyses de SdF, Extraire des diagrammes SysML fonctionnels les informations necessaires aux etudes de risques et Exploiter les representations SysML pour les etudes formelles de SdF. Dans ce contexte, nous illustrons l’emploi de MeDISIS sur la problematique du projet CAPTHOM, dont l’objectif est de bâtir une solution innovante pour la detection de presence humaine. Cette recherche nous conduit a la realisation d’un simulateur de reseau de capteurs capable d’evaluer la reponse a des scenarios de stimulation et d’optimiser le placement des capteurs.

[1]  Peter Struss,et al.  AUTAS: A Tool for Supporting FMECA Generation in Aeronautic Systems , 2004, ECAI.

[2]  Pierre David,et al.  Automating the synthesis of AltaRica Data-Flow models from SysML , 2009 .

[3]  Wim Dehaene,et al.  From UML/SysML to Matlab/Simulink: Current State and Future Perspectives , 2006, Proceedings of the Design Automation & Test in Europe Conference.

[4]  K A Edge,et al.  Automated Fault Analysis for Hydraulic Systems: Part 1: Fundamentals , 1992 .

[5]  Stephen Gilmore,et al.  A unified tool for performance modelling and prediction , 2003, Reliab. Eng. Syst. Saf..

[6]  John A. McDermid,et al.  Integrating safety and formal analyses using UML and PFS , 2007, Reliab. Eng. Syst. Saf..

[7]  Tadao Murata,et al.  Petri nets: Properties, analysis and applications , 1989, Proc. IEEE.

[8]  Christophe Escriba Conception, réalisation et caractérisation de capteurs infrarouges à thermopiles : application à la détection de présence passive dans l'habitat , 2005 .

[9]  Marc Bouissou,et al.  Knowledge Modelling and Reliability Processing: Presentation of the Figaro Language and Associated Tools , 1991 .

[10]  C.J.H. Mann,et al.  A Practical Guide to SysML: The Systems Modeling Language , 2009 .

[11]  Mark H. Lee,et al.  Automating Mechanical FMEA Using Functional Models , 1999, FLAIRS Conference.

[12]  Stan Sclaroff,et al.  Automated camera layout to satisfy task-specific and floor plan-specific coverage requirements , 2006, Comput. Vis. Image Underst..

[13]  K. Bharathan,et al.  Object oriented systems engineering , 1995, Proceedings of the 1995 International Symposium and Workshop on Systems Engineering of Computer-Based Systems.

[14]  Norman I. Badler,et al.  Automatic viewing control for 3D direct manipulation , 1992, I3D '92.

[15]  Diego Latella,et al.  High-level Integrated Design Environment for dependability (HIDE) , 1999, Proceedings. Fifth International Workshop on Object-Oriented Real-Time Dependable Systems.

[16]  Jean Pierre Signoret High-Integrity Protection Systems (HIPS): Methods and Tools for Efficient Safety Integrity Levels Analysis and Calculations , 2007 .

[17]  Susanna Donatelli,et al.  A compositional semantics for UML state machines aimed at performance evaluation , 2002, Sixth International Workshop on Discrete Event Systems, 2002. Proceedings..

[18]  András Pataricza,et al.  Methods of checking general safety criteria in UML statechart specifications , 2005, Reliab. Eng. Syst. Saf..

[19]  Greg Welch,et al.  An interactive camera placement and visibility simulator for image-based VR applications , 2006, Electronic Imaging.

[20]  Christiaan J. J. Paredis,et al.  Integrating Models and Simulations of Continuous Dynamics Into SysML , 2012, J. Comput. Inf. Sci. Eng..

[21]  Jérémie Guiochet,et al.  Maîtrise de la sécurité des systèmes de la robotique de service - Approche UML basée sur une analyse du risque système , 2003 .

[22]  Chris Price Effortless incremental design FMEA , 1996, Proceedings of 1996 Annual Reliability and Maintainability Symposium.

[23]  David Harel,et al.  Statecharts: A Visual Formalism for Complex Systems , 1987, Sci. Comput. Program..

[24]  Jin Wang,et al.  Modified failure mode and effects analysis using approximate reasoning , 2003, Reliab. Eng. Syst. Saf..

[25]  L. Muslewski,et al.  Reliability prediction using petri nets for on-demand safety systems with fault detection , 2008 .

[26]  Enrique Dunn,et al.  Parisian camera placement for vision metrology , 2006, Pattern Recognit. Lett..

[27]  Yves Dutuit,et al.  Dependability modelling and evaluation by using stochastic Petri nets: application to two test cases , 1997 .

[28]  Irem Y. Tumer,et al.  REQUIREMENTS FOR A FAILURE MODE TAXONOMY FOR USE IN CONCEPTUAL DESIGN , 2003 .

[29]  Antoine Rauzy,et al.  Mode automata and their compilation into fault trees , 2002, Reliab. Eng. Syst. Saf..

[30]  R. Bell,et al.  IEC 61508: functional safety of electrical/electronic/ programme electronic safety-related systems: overview , 1999 .

[31]  Enrico Zio,et al.  Reliability engineering: Old problems and new challenges , 2009, Reliab. Eng. Syst. Saf..

[32]  Manas Bajaj,et al.  9.3.3 Simulation‐Based Design Using SysML Part 2: Celebrating Diversity by Example , 2007 .

[33]  Pierre David,et al.  Use and improvements of SysML in reliability study , 2009 .

[34]  Yves Dutuit,et al.  The AltaRica data-flow language in use: modeling of production availability of a multi-state system , 2006, Reliab. Eng. Syst. Saf..

[35]  M S Anderson,et al.  A Unified Tool for Performance Modelling and Prediction , 2003 .

[36]  Krishnendu Chakrabarty,et al.  Sensor placement for effective coverage and surveillance in distributed sensor networks , 2003, 2003 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking, 2003. WCNC 2003..

[37]  Abdelhak Mkhida Contribution à l'évaluation de la sûreté de fonctionnement des systèmes instrumentés de sécurité intégrant de l'intelligence , 2008 .

[38]  M. Haffar Étude et réalisation de matrices de microcapteurs infrarouges en technologie silicium pour imagerie basse résolution , 2007 .

[39]  Jean-Marc Jézéquel,et al.  Weaving executability into object-oriented meta-languages , 2005, MoDELS'05.

[40]  Qing Li,et al.  Unified Modeling Language , 2009 .

[41]  R. Lienhart,et al.  On the optimal placement of multiple visual sensors , 2006, VSSN '06.

[42]  Bruce Powel Douglass,et al.  The Harmony Process , 2007 .

[43]  Brian Willard UML for systems engineering , 2007, Comput. Stand. Interfaces.

[44]  Frédéric Jouault,et al.  Transforming Models with ATL , 2005, MoDELS.

[45]  G. Olague,et al.  AUTOMATED PHOTOGRAMMETRIC NETWORK DESIGN USING GENETIC ALGORITHMS , 2002 .

[46]  Raphaël Schoenig DEFINITION D'UNE METHODOLOGIE DE CONCEPTION DES SYSTEMES MECATRONIQUES SURS DE FONCTIONNEMENT , 2004 .

[47]  Apostolos Zarras,et al.  A UML-Based Framework for Assessing the Reliability of Software Systems , 2022 .

[48]  Chris J. Price Autosteve: Automated Electrical Design Analysis , 2000, ECAI.

[49]  Chris J. Price,et al.  Automated multiple failure FMEA , 2002, Reliab. Eng. Syst. Saf..

[50]  Ricardo Soto,et al.  Model-driven constraint programming , 2008, PPDP.

[51]  J. B. Bowles,et al.  Fuzzy logic prioritization of failures in a system failure mode, effects and criticality analysis , 1995 .

[52]  Ruey Huei Yeh,et al.  FUZZY ASSESSMENT OF FMEA FOR A SEWAGE PLANT , 2007 .

[53]  S. Brian Morriss Automated Manufacturing Systems , 1994 .

[54]  Joanne Bechta Dugan,et al.  Automatic synthesis of dynamic fault trees from UML system models , 2002, 13th International Symposium on Software Reliability Engineering, 2002. Proceedings..

[55]  S. Sitharama Iyengar,et al.  Grid Coverage for Surveillance and Target Location in Distributed Sensor Networks , 2002, IEEE Trans. Computers.

[56]  Javier Campos,et al.  From UML activity diagrams to Stochastic Petri nets: application to software performance engineering , 2004, WOSP '04.

[57]  C.C.P. Abe Meilich,et al.  1 An Application of Object Oriented Systems Engineering (OOSE) To an Army Command And Control System: A New Approach to Integration of System and Software Requirements and Design , 1999 .

[58]  Gilles Zwingelstein Sûreté de fonctionnement des systèmes industriels complexes: Analyse prévisionnelle et bases de données de fiabilité , 2009 .

[59]  Hélène Laurent,et al.  A Real Time Human Detection System Based on Far Infrared Vision , 2008, ICISP.

[60]  James N. Martin,et al.  Systems Engineering Guidebook: A Process for Developing Systems and Products , 1996 .

[61]  L. Console,et al.  Model Synthesis for Model-Based Fault Analysis , 2004 .

[62]  José-Joel González-Barbosa,et al.  Optimal camera placement for total coverage , 2009, 2009 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation.

[63]  Diego Latella,et al.  Dependability analysis in the early phases of UML-based system design , 2001, Comput. Syst. Sci. Eng..

[64]  Pierre David,et al.  A Sensor Placement Approach for the Monitoring of Indoor Scenes , 2007, EuroSSC.

[65]  Skander Turki,et al.  Ingénierie système guidée par les modèles: Application du standard IEEE 15288, de l'architecture MDA et du langage SysML à la conception des systèmes mécatroniques , 2008 .

[66]  Pierre-Etienne Labeau,et al.  A Petri net-based modelling of replacement strategies under technological obsolescence , 2009, Reliab. Eng. Syst. Saf..

[67]  William H. Bares,et al.  A Model for Constraint-Based Camera Planning , 2000 .

[68]  Christophe Rosenberger,et al.  Détection de la présence humaine et caractérisation de l'activité ⁄ , 2009 .

[69]  Susanna Donatelli,et al.  From UML sequence diagrams and statecharts to analysable petri net models , 2002, WOSP '02.

[70]  Jean-Jacques Lesage,et al.  Algebraic Expression of the Structure Function of a subclass of Dynamic Fault Trees , 2009 .

[71]  Pierre David,et al.  Towards a better interaction between design and dependability analysis: FMEA derived from UML/SysML models , 2008 .

[72]  Carlos Guedes Soares,et al.  SysML aided functional safety assessment , 2008 .

[73]  Nabil Sadou,et al.  Aide à la conception des systèmes embarqués sûrs de fonctionnement , 2007 .

[74]  Pierre David,et al.  Accident Simulation: Design and Results , 2007 .

[75]  Keith Case,et al.  Modelling and reasoning for failure modes and effects analysis generation , 2004 .

[76]  Chris Price,et al.  The Flame system: automating electrical failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA) , 1995, Annual Reliability and Maintainability Symposium 1995 Proceedings.

[77]  S. Bonhomme,et al.  Méthodologie et outils pour la conception d'un habitat intelligent , 2008 .

[78]  Lixin Shen,et al.  Reliability Modeling Using UML , 2003, Software Engineering Research and Practice.

[79]  Hans Keller,et al.  Achieving High Reliability In Passive Infrared Intruder Alarms With Lithium Tantalate Pyroelectric Detectors , 1983, Other Conferences.

[80]  Pierre David,et al.  Reliability study of complex physical systems using SysML , 2010, Reliab. Eng. Syst. Saf..

[81]  Pierre David,et al.  Etude pour une meilleure intégration des données de conception dans les analyses de fiabilité , 2008 .

[82]  Yiannis Papadopoulos,et al.  A Method and Tool Support for Model-based Semi-automated Failure Modes and Effects Analysis of Engineering Designs , 2004, SCS.

[83]  James Martin Processes for Engineering a System , 2000 .

[84]  Matthew Hause,et al.  7.2.1 Building Bridges Between Systems and Software with SysML and UML , 2008 .

[85]  Hans J. Keller Years of Passive Infrared Motion Detectors-a Technology Review , 2000 .

[86]  Manas Bajaj,et al.  Simulation-Based Design Using SysML Part 1: A Parametrics Primer , 2007 .

[87]  Kevin Forsberg,et al.  4.4.4 Application of the ‘Vee’ to Incremental and Evolutionary Development , 1995 .

[88]  Jeff A. Estefan,et al.  of Model-Based Systems Engineering ( MBSE ) Methodologies , 2008 .

[89]  Nabil Aouf,et al.  On the optimal placement of multiple visual sensor based binary particle swarm optimization , 2009, ICONS.

[90]  Skander Turki,et al.  A SysML profile for mechatronics integrating bond graphs , 2005 .

[91]  M. Saadat-Sereshta,et al.  CAMERA PLACEMENT FOR NETWORK DESIGN IN VISION METROLOGY BASED ON FUZZY INFERENCE SYSTEM , 2004 .