Ultra-Wide Field Imaging Characteristics of Primary Retinal Vasculitis: Risk Factors for Retinal Neovascularization

ABSTRACT Aim: To evaluate patterns of retinal vasculitis with ultra-wide field imaging (UWF) and ascertain the risk factors for retinal neovascularization. Methods: Consecutive patients of retinal vasculitis were included prospectively. Patients with retinal vasculitis secondary to uveitis were excluded. UWF was done for all the patients. Retinal involvement was classified into three zones and area of capillary non-perfusion was stratified into clock hours. Results: Two hundred patients were included, 85% (n = 170) were male. Mean age was 28.99 ± 10.56 years. Clinical examination revealed 65% cases (n = 130) to be bilateral, while UWF angiography detected 72.5% (n = 145) to have bilateral involvement. Retinal neovascularization was present in 47% (n = 188).Presence of posterior disease had very high odds ratio for development of retinal neovascularization as compared to cases restricted to retinal periphery (OR = 45.03, CI = 6.10–332.30, p = < 0.001). Conclusion: UWF imaging is useful in detecting retinal vasculitis, which is otherwise obscure to clinical examination and assessing risk factors for retinal neovascularization.

[1]  Q. Nguyen,et al.  Epidemiology and clinical features of inflammatory retinal vascular occlusions: pooled data from two tertiary‐referral institutions , 2018, Clinical & experimental ophthalmology.

[2]  R. Agrawal,et al.  PERIPHERAL RETINAL VASCULITIS: Analysis of 110 Consecutive Cases and a Contemporary Reappraisal of Tubercular Etiology , 2017, Retina.

[3]  Jennifer K. Sun,et al.  Diabetic Retinopathy Severity and Peripheral Lesions Are Associated with Nonperfusion on Ultrawide Field Angiography. , 2015, Ophthalmology.

[4]  M. Kramer,et al.  CHARACTERISTICS AND LONG-TERM OUTCOME OF PATIENTS WITH NONINFECTIOUS RETINAL VASCULITIS , 2015, Retina.

[5]  S. Sadda,et al.  Measuring the precise area of peripheral retinal non-perfusion using ultra-widefield imaging and its correlation with the ischaemic index , 2015, British Journal of Ophthalmology.

[6]  M. Mesquida,et al.  USE OF ULTRA-WIDE-FIELD RETINAL IMAGING IN THE MANAGEMENT OF ACTIVE BEHÇET RETINAL VASCULITIS , 2014, Retina.

[7]  S. Lightman,et al.  Ischemic Retinal Vasculitis and Its Management , 2014, Journal of ophthalmology.

[8]  E. Agrón,et al.  Comparison of wide-field fluorescein angiography and 9-field montage angiography in uveitis. , 2014, American journal of ophthalmology.

[9]  Dongseok Choi,et al.  The course of retinal vasculitis , 2014, British Journal of Ophthalmology.

[10]  A. Rothova,et al.  Clinical features and etiology of retinal vasculitis in Northern Thailand , 2013, Indian journal of ophthalmology.

[11]  Q. Nguyen,et al.  Ultra-wide-field retinal imaging in the management of non-infectious retinal vasculitis , 2013, Journal of Ophthalmic Inflammation and Infection.

[12]  Dongseok Choi,et al.  Characteristics and visual outcome of patients with retinal vasculitis. , 2012, Archives of ophthalmology.

[13]  Dongseok Choi,et al.  Patients with retinal vasculitis rarely suffer from systemic vasculitis. , 2012, Seminars in arthritis and rheumatism.

[14]  Szilárd Kiss,et al.  ULTRA–WIDE-FIELD ANGIOGRAPHY IMPROVES THE DETECTION AND CLASSIFICATION OF DIABETIC RETINOPATHY , 2012, Retina.

[15]  Janet L. Davis,et al.  Imaging Retinal Vascular Changes in Uveitis , 2012, International ophthalmology clinics.

[16]  R. Das,et al.  Profile of retinal vasculitis in a tertiary eye care center in Eastern India , 2011, Indian Journal of Ophthalmology.

[17]  Jean-Pierre Hubschman,et al.  Ultra wide-field angiographic characteristics of branch retinal and hemicentral retinal vein occlusion. , 2010, Ophthalmology.

[18]  A. Pathengay,et al.  Eales’ disease: diagnosis and management , 2010, Eye.

[19]  D. Sarraf,et al.  The Use of Ultra Wide Field Fluorescein Angiography in Evaluation and Management of Uveitis , 2009, Seminars in ophthalmology.

[20]  J. Paović,et al.  Clinical and immunological features of retinal vasculitis in systemic diseases. , 2009, Vojnosanitetski pregled.

[21]  Douglas A Jabs,et al.  Standardization of uveitis nomenclature for reporting clinical data. Results of the First International Workshop. , 2005, American journal of ophthalmology.

[22]  Andrew D. Dick,et al.  The standardization of uveitis nomenclature (SUN) working group; standardization of uveitis nomenclature for reporting clinical data: Results of the first international workshop , 2005 .

[23]  P. Donders.  Eales' disease , 2004, Documenta Ophthalmologica.

[24]  F. Ascaso,et al.  [Primary retinal vasculitis]. , 2000, Archivos de la Sociedad Espanola de Oftalmologia.

[25]  C. Foster,et al.  Referral patterns of uveitis in a tertiary eye care center. , 1996, Archives of ophthalmology.

[26]  R. Nussenblatt,et al.  Primary retinal vasculitis. Systemic associations and diagnostic evaluation. , 1996, Ophthalmology.

[27]  M. Sanders,et al.  Visual outcome of patients with idiopathic ischaemic and non-ischaemic retinal vasculitis , 1996, Eye.