Towards a user-centred theory of the built environment

The building user's experience is explored as the basis for constructing a theory of the built environment. The first postulate of a user-centred theory is that the built environment exists to support the activities of users that it shelters. This theory, therefore, indicates ways in which we might learn more about this complex relationship; it also provides tools for measuring the degree to which the built environment in use is successful. Ways of approaching the users' experience of built space, and ways of measuring it to ensure that knowledge of the user-environment relationship grows, are described. Challenges to implementing such an exploration include defining users, agreeing on the meaning of experience, and organising if not delimiting what is included in the notion of built environment. The temporal dimension of space use is also a consideration. Drawing on extensive research on space-use in office buildings, a viable user-centred theory is developed in the context of one type of built environment. The user-centred theory enables links to be made between knowledge accumulated both at the micro scale of the users' experience and at the macro perspective of how the built environment is produced and delivered. L'expérience des usagers qui occupent les bâtiments est analysée dans le but d'établir la base d'une théorie du milieu bâti. Selon le premier postulat d'une théorie centrée sur l'usager, le cadre bâti existe pour venir en soutien aux activités des occupants hébergés par celui-là. Une telle théorie nous offre des moyens permettant de mieux comprendre cette relation complexe et nous fournit également des outils pour mesurer jusqu'à quel point le cadre bâti est efficace. Il faut élaborer les façons d'aborder l'évaluation de l'expérience des occupants ainsi que de mesurer celle-ci afin d'aquérir une meilleure comprehension de la relation personne et environnement. Pour effectuer une telle analyse il faut surmonter les difficultés suivantes, entre autres: le consensus sur comment définir les usagers, l'accord sur ce qu'est l'expérience des ces derniers et l'élaboration de ce qui signifie le concept du cadre bâti. En outre, la dimension temporelle de l'usage de l'espace en est un aspect important. La théorie centrée sur les utilisateurs se concretise en prenant l'exemple des nombreuses recherches effectuées sur les occupants des edifices à bureaux. Ce cadre théorique forge les liens entre la connaissance accumulée tant à l'échelle ‘micro’ de l'expérience de l'usager individuel que dans une perspective ‘macro’ visant la réalisation et la livraison du milieu bâti. performances des bâtiments, milieu bâti, occupant, théorie sociale, théorie, expérience de l'utilisateur, théorie basée sur l'utilisateur

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