Self-assembled three-dimensional epitaxial ionic fluorite Gd2Zr2O7 nanorods on (001) LaAlO3

Self-organized, three-dimensional (3D), coherent fluorite Gd2Zr2O7 nanorods were synthesized with pulsed-laser ablation. Transmission electron microscopy studies reveal that the 3D nanorods are epitaxially grown on (001) LaAlO3 with (001)GZO‖(001)LAO, [110]GZO‖[100]LAO and [11¯0]GZO‖[010]LAO. The nanorods have in-plane dimensions of about 20–35 nm, and their length can extend for the entire film thickness. The 3D nanorods have a vertical prism shape with side surfaces exhibiting a serrated morphology composed of {111} planes. The formation of such self-organized nanorods is consistent with a preferential growth mechanism and surface energy minimization considerations.

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