Comparison of Problematic Internet and Alcohol Use and Attachment Styles Among Industrial Workers in Korea

The objective of this article is to fully understand Internet addiction, we aimed to compare the attachment styles and psychopathologies associated with problematic Internet use with those related to alcohol use. Through the participation of 141 male participants, the present study assessed problematic Internet and alcohol use, attachment, psychopathology, and demographic data via the use of self-rating questionnaires. We explored the significant predictors among avoidant and anxious attachments, depression, anxiety, and phobia to explain problematic Internet and alcohol use. The results showed that anxious attachment, depression, and anxiety could explain problematic alcohol use. In contrast, both anxious and avoidant attachment as well as depression and phobia explained problematic Internet use. Additionally, depression moderated the effects of avoidant attachment on problematic Internet use. We demonstrated that the interaction of attachment and psychopathology predicts problematic Internet use originating from an earlier stage of life than that associated with problematic alcohol use.

[1]  P. Lewinsohn,et al.  Psychiatric comorbidity with problematic alcohol use in high school students. , 1996, Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry.

[2]  G. Myhr,et al.  Attachment security and parental bonding in adults with obsessive‐compulsive disorder: a comparison with depressed out‐patients and healthy controls , 2004, Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica.

[3]  Chih-Hung Ko,et al.  Psychiatric symptoms in adolescents with Internet addiction: Comparison with substance use , 2008, Psychiatry and clinical neurosciences.

[4]  B. Grant,et al.  Psychopathology associated with drinking and alcohol use disorders in the college and general adult populations. , 2005, Drug and alcohol dependence.

[5]  John Bowlby,et al.  Attachment and Loss. Vol. I. Attachment. , 1970 .

[6]  O. Aasland,et al.  Development of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT): WHO Collaborative Project on Early Detection of Persons with Harmful Alcohol Consumption--II. , 1993, Addiction.

[7]  P. Shaver,et al.  Attachment styles, emotion regulation, and adjustment in adolescence. , 1998, Journal of personality and social psychology.

[8]  S. Vanheule,et al.  The relationship between perceived parenting, adult attachment style and alexithymia in alcoholic inpatients. , 2006, Addictive behaviors.

[9]  K. Sher,et al.  Characteristics of children of alcoholics: putative risk factors, substance use and abuse, and psychopathology. , 1991, Journal of abnormal psychology.

[10]  K. Bartholomew,et al.  Attachment styles among young adults: a test of a four-category model. , 1991, Journal of personality and social psychology.

[11]  Jee Hyun Ha,et al.  Psychiatric comorbidity assessed in Korean children and adolescents who screen positive for Internet addiction. , 2006, The Journal of clinical psychiatry.

[12]  M. Kelley,et al.  Retrospective reports of parenting received in their families of origin: relationships to adult attachment in adult children of alcoholics. , 2005, Addictive behaviors.

[13]  Li Lei,et al.  Adolescents' Paternal Attachment and Internet Use , 2007, Cyberpsychology Behav. Soc. Netw..

[14]  J. Abela,et al.  Adult Attachment Dimensions and Specificity of Emotional Distress Symptoms: Prospective Investigations of Cognitive Risk and Interpersonal Stress Generation as Mediating Mechanisms , 2005, Personality & social psychology bulletin.

[15]  Changkook Yang,et al.  SCL-90-R and 16PF Profiles of Senior High School Students with Excessive Internet Use , 2005, Canadian journal of psychiatry. Revue canadienne de psychiatrie.

[16]  C. Hazan,et al.  Romantic love conceptualized as an attachment process. , 1987, Journal of personality and social psychology.

[17]  S. Vanheule,et al.  Attachment Styles in Alcoholic Inpatients , 2007, European Addiction Research.

[18]  M. Ainsworth,et al.  Origins of the Sense of Security. (Book Reviews: Patterns of Attachment. A Psychological Study of the Strange Situation) , 1978 .

[19]  M. J. Ward,et al.  Attachment and psychopathology in a community sample , 2006, Attachment & human development.

[20]  M. Ainsworth.  Attachments beyond infancy. , 1989, The American psychologist.

[21]  R. Cadoret,et al.  Contributions of attachment style and perceived social support to lifetime use of illicit substances. , 2005, Addictive behaviors.

[22]  Sujin Lee,et al.  Internet Over-Users' Psychological Profiles: A Behavior Sampling Analysis on Internet Addiction , 2003, Cyberpsychology Behav. Soc. Netw..

[23]  M. Wardle,et al.  Adult attachment security and college student substance use. , 2007, Addictive behaviors.

[24]  Lennart Sjöberg,et al.  Internet Use, Social Skills, and Adjustment , 2004, Cyberpsychology Behav. Soc. Netw..

[25]  S. Vanheule,et al.  Alcohol Addiction and the Attachment System: An Empirical Study of Attachment Style, Alexithymia, and Psychiatric Disorders in Alcoholic Inpatients , 2009, Substance use & misuse.

[26]  S. Pallanti,et al.  Internet addiction: a descriptive clinical study focusing on comorbidities and dissociative symptoms. , 2009, Comprehensive psychiatry.

[27]  Luca Milani,et al.  Quality of Interpersonal Relationships and Problematic Internet Use in Adolescence , 2009, Cyberpsychology Behav. Soc. Netw..

[28]  T. Palfai,et al.  Attachment dimensions and drinking-related problems among young adults: the mediational role of coping motives. , 2003, Addictive behaviors.

[29]  K. Jackson,et al.  Relation of attachment style to family history of alcoholism and alcohol use disorders in early adulthood. , 2004, Drug and alcohol dependence.

[30]  P. Keck,et al.  Psychiatric features of individuals with problematic internet use. , 2000, Journal of affective disorders.

[31]  T. Lecomte,et al.  Personality Characteristics and Attachment in First Episode Psychosis: Impact on Social Functioning , 2007, The Journal of nervous and mental disease.