Fiber reinforcement during 3D printing

Abstract Three-dimensional (3D) printing is an attractive rapid prototyping technology for the fabrication of 3D structures by the localized deposition of a reactive binder liquid onto thin powder layers in predominantly technical applications. A practical limitation is often the low green strength of printed samples, which can lead to a collapse of large and fragile structures during removal from the powder bed and the following depowdering procedure. Fibre reinforcement may improve green mechanical properties of printed samples, which was investigated in this study using a range of different short fibres added to a matrix of cellulose-modified gypsum powder. Mechanical testing of printed samples revealed a bending strength increase of 180% and up to 10 times higher work of fracture values compared to non-reinforced printed samples.

[1]  Julia Will,et al.  Porous ceramic bone scaffolds for vascularized bone tissue regeneration , 2008, Journal of materials science. Materials in medicine.

[2]  Miguel Castilho,et al.  Fabrication of computationally designed scaffolds by low temperature 3D printing , 2013, Biofabrication.

[3]  Jürgen Groll,et al.  Fiber reinforced calcium phosphate cements -- on the way to degradable load bearing bone substitutes? , 2012, Biomaterials.

[4]  Hockin H. K. Xu,et al.  Effects of synergistic reinforcement and absorbable fiber strength on hydroxyapatite bone cement. , 2005, Journal of biomedical materials research. Part A.

[5]  Mohamed Maalej,et al.  Toughening in cement based composites. Part II: Fiber reinforced cementitious composites , 1996 .

[6]  Rui L Reis,et al.  Bone tissue engineering: state of the art and future trends. , 2004, Macromolecular bioscience.

[7]  M Bohner,et al.  Structural and material approaches to bone tissue engineering in powder-based three-dimensional printing. , 2011, Acta biomaterialia.

[8]  H. Seitz,et al.  Three-dimensional printing of porous ceramic scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. , 2005, Journal of biomedical materials research. Part B, Applied biomaterials.

[9]  Frank A. Müller,et al.  Direct Printing of Bioceramic Implants with Spatially Localized Angiogenic Factors , 2007 .

[10]  J. Quinn,et al.  Calcium phosphate cement containing resorbable fibers for short-term reinforcement and macroporosity. , 2002, Biomaterials.

[11]  M. Allen,et al.  Polylactide-co-glycolide fiber-reinforced calcium phosphate bone cement. , 2009, Archives of facial plastic surgery.

[12]  L. Grover,et al.  Effects of fibre reinforcement on the mechanical properties of brushite cement. , 2006, Acta biomaterialia.

[13]  Frank A. Müller,et al.  Resorbable Dicalcium Phosphate Bone Substitutes Prepared by 3D Powder Printing , 2007 .