Radiation heat transfer in combustion systems

Abstract An adequate treatment of thermal radiation heat transfer is essential to a mathematical model of the combustion process or to a design of a combustion system. This paper reviews the fundamentals of radiation heat transfer and some recent progress in its modeling in combustion systems. Topics covered include radiative properties of combustion products and their modeling and methods of solving the radiative transfer equations. Examples of sample combustion systems in which radiation has been accounted for in the analysis are presented. In several technologically important, practical combustion systems coupling of radiation to other modes of heat transfer is discussed. Research needs are identified and potentially promising research topics are also suggested.

[1]  D. K. Edwards,et al.  Scaling Rules for Total Absorptivity and Emissivity of Gases , 1984 .

[2]  P. J. Foster,et al.  The total emissivities of luminous and non-luminous flames , 1974 .

[3]  A. Balakrishnan,et al.  Thermal radiation by combustion gases , 1973 .

[4]  J. R. Howell,et al.  The Exchange Factor Method: An Alternative Basis for Zonal Analysis of Radiating Enclosures , 1985 .

[5]  D. Kooker Numerical study of a confined premixed laminar flame: Oscillatory propagation and wall quenching , 1983 .

[6]  Stuart W. Churchill,et al.  Representation of the Angular Distribution of Radiation Scattered by a Spherical Particle , 1955 .

[7]  K. Kuo Principles of combustion , 1986 .

[8]  Jay P. Gore,et al.  Spectral and Total Radiation Properties of Turbulent Hydrogen/Air Diffusion Flames , 1987 .

[9]  G. C. Pomraning,et al.  Linear Transport Theory , 1967 .

[10]  K. D. Lathrop,et al.  TWOTRAN-II: an interfaced, exportable version of the TWOTRAN code for two- dimensional transport , 1973 .

[11]  C. L. Tien,et al.  Examination of the two-flux model for radiative transfer in particular systems , 1982 .

[12]  Richard A. Beier,et al.  SOOT AND RADIATION IN COMBUSTING BOUNDARY LAYERS , 1984 .

[13]  F. Albini Wildland Fire Spread by Radiation-a Model Including Fuel Cooling by Natural Convection , 1986 .

[14]  Forrest B. Brown,et al.  Monte Carlo methods for radiation transport analysis on vector computers , 1984 .

[15]  Yildiz Bayazitoglu,et al.  Differential Approximation of Radiative Heat Transfer in a Gray Medium: Axially Symmetric Radiation Field , 1980 .

[16]  L. D. Smoot,et al.  Pulverized-coal combustion and gasification , 1979 .

[17]  Van de Hulst,et al.  Multiple Light Scattering: Tables, Formulas, and Applications , 1980 .

[18]  C. N. Kelber,et al.  Computing methods in reactor physics , 1970 .

[19]  K. D. Lathrop Program to solve the multigroup discrete ordinates transport equation in (x,y,z) geometry , 1976 .

[20]  Richard O. Buckius,et al.  Radiation properties for polydispersions: Application to coal , 1980 .

[21]  A. Ramachandra,et al.  An Analysis of a Boundary Layer Diffusion Flame Over a Porous Flat Plate in a Confined Flow , 1984 .

[22]  Vedat S. Arpaci,et al.  Radiation-Affected Laminar Flame Quenching , 1984 .

[23]  J. Pollack,et al.  Scattering by nonspherical particles of size comparable to wavelength - A new semi-empirical theory and its application to tropospheric aerosols , 1980 .

[24]  G. C. Pomraning,et al.  Variational boundary conditions for the spherical harmonics approximation to the neutron transport equation , 1964 .

[25]  T. McKee,et al.  Scattering of Visible Radiation by Finite Clouds , 1974 .

[26]  G. Grams,et al.  Light Scattering by Irregular Randomly Oriented Particles , 1976, Science.

[27]  S. Gerstl,et al.  Discrete-ordinates finite-element method for atmospheric radiative transfer and remote sensing , 1985 .

[28]  Radiative behavior of a gas layer seeded with soot , 1976 .

[29]  F. Albini A Model for Fire Spread in Wildland Fuels by-Radiation† , 1985 .

[30]  William L. Grosshandler,et al.  The effect of soot on pyrometric measurements of coal particle temperature , 1984 .

[31]  M. Pinar Mengüç,et al.  Multidimensional Modeling of Radiative Heat Transfer in Diesel Engines , 1985 .

[32]  W. R. Angus,et al.  Scattering of Light , 1942, Nature.

[33]  Leonard Y. Cooper,et al.  On the Significance of a Wall Effect in Enclosures with Growing Fires , 1983 .

[34]  Applications of infrared band model correlations to nongray radiation , 1977 .

[35]  K. Liou,et al.  Infrared Radiative Transfer in Finite Cloud Layers , 1979 .

[36]  William L. Grosshandler,et al.  Radiative heat transfer in nonhomogeneous gases: A simplified approach , 1980 .

[37]  Michael A. Box,et al.  The Scaling Group of the Radiative Transfer Equation , 1981 .

[38]  K. S. Mudan Thermal radiation hazards from hydrocarbon pool fires , 1984 .

[39]  R. K. Ahluwalia,et al.  Combined conduction, convection, gas radiation and particles radiation in MHD diffusers , 1981 .

[40]  J. Gore,et al.  Spectral and total radiation properties of turbulent carbon monoxide/air diffusion flames , 1986 .

[41]  W. Wiscombe,et al.  Scattering from nonspherical Chebyshev particles. I: cross sections, single-scattering albedo, asymmetry factor, and backscattered fraction. , 1986, Applied optics.

[42]  Gerard M. Faeth,et al.  Nonluminous Radiation in Turbulent Buoyant Axisymmetric Flames , 1984 .

[43]  K. Liou Electromagnetic scattering by arbitrarily oriented ice cylinders. , 1972, Applied optics.

[44]  L. Douglas Smoot,et al.  Modeling of coal-combustion processes , 1984 .

[45]  R. Davies,et al.  The Effect of Finite Geometry on the Three-Dimensional Transfer of Solar Irradiance in Clouds , 1978 .

[46]  Terry Wall,et al.  The optical properties of fly ash in coal fired furnaces , 1985 .

[47]  R. Greif,et al.  Theoretical determination of the absorption coefficient and the total band absorptance including a specific application to carbon monoxide , 1972 .

[48]  On the Radiative Properties of Polydispersions : A Simplified Approach , 1985 .

[49]  C. Law Heat transfer in fire and combustion systems , 1985 .

[50]  M. Chapman,et al.  A Time-Dependent Spatial Model for Radiant Heat Transfer in Diesel Engines , 1983 .

[51]  James J. Noble,et al.  The zone method: Explicit matrix relations for total exchange areas , 1975 .

[52]  W. Bancroft,et al.  The Scattering of Light , 1931 .

[53]  M. N. Özişik Radiative Transfer And Interactions With Conduction And Convection , 1985 .

[54]  H. V. Hulst Light Scattering by Small Particles , 1957 .

[55]  R. G. Siddall,et al.  Two-flux spherical harmonic modelling of two-dimensional radiative transfer in furnaces , 1976 .

[56]  F. C. Lockwood,et al.  The prediction of some pulverized bituminous coal flames in a furnace , 1983 .

[57]  F. R. Steward,et al.  The calculation of radiative heat flux in a cylindrical furnace using the Monte Carlo Method , 1971 .

[58]  E. Klevans,et al.  PHOTON TRANSPORT THEORY , 1961 .

[59]  P. Wyatt Some chemical, physical, and optical properties of fly ash particles. , 1980, Applied optics.

[60]  C. Tien,et al.  Thermal Radiation Properties of Propylene , 1986 .

[61]  Gerard M. Faeth,et al.  Radiative Heat Fluxes Near Turbulent Buoyant Methane Diffusion Flames , 1984 .

[62]  John R. Howell,et al.  Finite element solution of radiative heat transfer in a two-dimensional rectangular enclosure with gray participating media , 1982 .

[63]  S. Asano,et al.  Light scattering by a spheroidal particle. , 1975, Applied optics.

[64]  J. D. Felske,et al.  A theoretical closed form expression for the total band absorptance of infrared-radiating gases , 1974 .

[65]  N. Selçuk Exact Solutions for Radiative Heat Transfer in Box-Shaped Furnaces , 1985 .

[66]  Cheng Ping,et al.  Multi-dimensional radiative transfer in non-isothermal cylindrical media with non-isothermal bounding walls , 1975 .

[67]  Z. Kam,et al.  Absorption and Scattering of Light by Small Particles , 1998 .

[68]  C. B. Ludwig,et al.  Handbook of infrared radiation from combustion gases , 1973 .

[69]  L. Douglas Smoot,et al.  Coal Combustion and Gasification , 1985 .

[70]  W. Richter Scale-up and advanced performance analysis of boiler combustion chambers , 1985 .

[71]  M. Pinar Mengüç,et al.  A Sensitivity Analysis for Radiative Heat Transfer in a Pulverized Coal-Fired Furnace , 1987 .

[72]  E. Richard Cohen,et al.  Neutron Transport Theory , 1959 .

[73]  M. Bottaccini Gas Turbine Combustor Design Problems , 1983 .

[74]  J. Lloyd,et al.  A Theoretical and Experimental Study of Radiation–Convection Interaction in a Diffusion Flame , 1977 .

[75]  A. Lefebvre Gas Turbine Combustion , 1983 .

[76]  B. G. Carlson,et al.  MECHANICAL QUADRATURE AND THE TRANSPORT EQUATION , 1961 .

[77]  I. S. Wichman A Model Describing the Influences of Finite-Rate Gas-Phase Chemistry on Rates of Flame Spread Over Solid Combustibles , 1984 .

[78]  R. Landshoff,et al.  Radiative Contributions to Energy and Momentum Transport in a Gas , 1966 .

[79]  C. Law,et al.  Extinction of premixed flames by stretch and radiative loss , 1984 .

[80]  J. R. Howell,et al.  Two-Dimensional Radiation in Absorbing-Emitting Media Using the P-N Approximation , 1983 .

[81]  C. Kruger,et al.  Modeling coal particle behavior under simultaneous devolatilization and combustion , 1985 .

[82]  G. A. Domoto,et al.  Radiative Transfer in Homogeneous Nongray Gases With Nonisotropic Particle Scattering , 1974 .

[83]  T. F. Smith,et al.  Evaluation of Coefficients for the Weighted Sum of Gray Gases Model , 1982 .

[84]  W. Fiveland Discrete-Ordinates Solutions of the Radiative Transport Equation for Rectangular Enclosures , 1984 .

[85]  M. Mitchner,et al.  MEASUREMENTS OF THE NEAR INFRARED OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF COAL SLAGS , 1986 .

[86]  J. Lloyd,et al.  An investigation of a laminar diffusion flame adjacent to a vertical flat plate burner , 1981 .

[87]  R. D. Skocypec,et al.  Total Hemispherical Emittances for Isothermal Mixtures of Combustion Gases and Scattering Particulate , 1986 .

[88]  G. Stephens,et al.  Scattering of plane waves by soft obstacles: anomalous diffraction theory for circular cylinders. , 1984, Applied optics.

[89]  J. R. Howell,et al.  Monte carlo solution of thermal transfer through radiant media between gray walls. , 1964 .

[90]  N. Amundson,et al.  Diffusion and reaction in a char particle and in the surrounding gas phase. A continuous model , 1984 .

[91]  James R. Wait SCATTERING OF A PLANE WAVE FROM A CIRCULAR DIELECTRIC CYLINDER AT OBLIQUE INCIDENCE , 1955 .

[92]  Mustafa Pinar Menguc MODELING OF RADIATIVE HEAT TRANSFER IN MULTIDIMENSIONAL ENCLOSURES USING SPHERICAL HARMONICS APPROXIMATION (COMBUSTION, SCATTERING) , 1985 .

[93]  H. F. Calcote Mechanisms of soot nucleation in flames—A critical review , 1981 .

[94]  W. Wiscombe,et al.  Single scattering from nonspherical Chebyshev particles: a compendium of calculations , 1986 .

[95]  J. D. Felske,et al.  Determination of the Refractive Indices of Soot Particles from the Reflectivities of Compressed Soot Pellets , 1984 .

[96]  K. T. Rhee,et al.  COMPUTATION OF RADIATION HEAT TRANSFER IN DIESEL COMBUSTION , 1983 .

[97]  Roger Davies,et al.  Transport of infrared radiation in cuboidal clouds , 1981 .

[98]  Heat Transfer by Combined Conduction and Radiation Between Concentric Spheres Separated by Radiating Medium , 1968 .

[99]  J. Joseph,et al.  The delta-Eddington approximation for radiative flux transfer , 1976 .

[100]  A. F. Sarofim,et al.  Optical Constants of Soot and Their Application to Heat-Flux Calculations , 1969 .

[101]  W. L. Grosshandler,et al.  Application of the Total Transmittance Nonhomogeneous Radiation Model to Methane Combustion , 1985 .

[102]  P. Barber,et al.  Scattering of electromagnetic waves by arbitrarily shaped dielectric bodies. , 1975, Applied optics.

[103]  E. E. Bell,et al.  Far-Infrared Optical Constants of KI , 1971 .

[104]  D. W. Schuerman,et al.  Light Scattering by Irregularly Shaped Particles , 1980 .

[105]  Arthur H. Lefebvre,et al.  Flame radiation in gas turbine combustion chambers , 1984 .

[106]  Bo G Leckner,et al.  Spectral and total emissivity of water vapor and carbon dioxide , 1972 .

[107]  Raymond Viskanta,et al.  Heat transfer in steam boiler furnaces , 1988 .

[108]  M. Pinar Mengüç,et al.  Radiative transfer in axisymmetric, finite cylindrical enclosures , 1984 .

[109]  K. Y. Lee,et al.  Radiation-induced ignition of condensed fuels in a ceiling fire including effects of radiation blockage , 1986 .

[110]  T. Wall,et al.  An Investigation of Factors Affecting the Physical Characteristics of Flyash Formed in a Laboratory Scale Combustor , 1986 .

[111]  Predictions of radiative properties of pulverized coal and fly-ash polydispersions , 1981 .

[112]  J. Keller,et al.  Geometrical theory of diffraction. , 1962, Journal of the Optical Society of America.

[113]  T. Shih,et al.  Laminar, Mixed-Convection, Boundary-Layer, Nongray-Radiative, Diffusion Flames , 1980 .

[114]  J. Jeans,et al.  The Equations of Radiative Transfer of Energy , 1917 .

[115]  R. Preisendorfer,et al.  Multimode radiative transfer in finite optical media. I - Fundamentals. II - Solutions , 1984 .

[116]  A. Coppalle,et al.  The total emissivities of high-temperature flames , 1983 .

[117]  W. Wiscombe Improved Mie scattering algorithms. , 1980, Applied optics.

[118]  W. L. Grosshandler,et al.  Attenuation of Thermal Radiation by Pulverized Coal and Char , 1982 .

[119]  V. Sobolev,et al.  A treatise on radiative transfer. , 1963 .

[120]  Multimode Radiative Transfer in Finite Optical Media. II: Solutions , 1984 .

[121]  A. Cohen,et al.  Asymmetry factors for randomly oriented infinite cylinders , 1985 .

[122]  T. Teichmann,et al.  Introduction to physical gas dynamics , 1965 .

[123]  S. Churchill,et al.  Angular Distribution Coefficients for Radiation Scattered by a Spherical Particle , 1957 .

[124]  J. M. Beer,et al.  Combustion Technology: Some Modern Developments , 1974 .

[125]  P. J. Pagni,et al.  Carbon Particulate in Small Pool Fire Flames , 1981 .

[126]  K. Y. Lee,et al.  Flame Wall-Quenching by Radiation and Conduction in Combustion of Condensed Fuels , 1985 .

[127]  R. M. Atkinson Light Scattering by Irregularly Shaped Particles , 1980 .

[128]  R. A. Wessel,et al.  Numerical Model for Predicting Performance of Three-Dimensional Pulverized-Fuel Fired Furnaces , 1988 .

[129]  Stuart W. Churchill,et al.  Numerical Solution of Problems in Multiple Scattering of Electromagnetic Radiation , 1955 .

[130]  R. D. Jackson,et al.  Heat Transfer 1 , 1965 .