Reverse logistics in an electronics company: the NEC-Cl case

In January 1999, NEC Corporation of Japan created NEC Computers International (NEC-CI) as a subsidiary in order to consolidate its PC and server business outside the U.S. and Japan, including its Packard Bell business, which it had acquired in 1996. NEC-CI, located in Angers, France, manufactured desktops, notebooks, and servers and distributed them throughout Europe, Africa, and the Middle East. The Angers facility had three production entities: