The Influence of Parenting Styles, Achievement Motivation, and Self-Efficacy on Academic Performance in College Students

Parenting styles have consistently been shown to relate to various outcomes such as youth psychopathology, behavior problems, and academic performance. Building on the research in the parenting style literature, along with examining components of self-determination theory, the present study examined the relations among authoritative parenting style, academic performance, self-efficacy, and achievement motivation using a sample of college students (N = 264) . Results indicated that authoritative parenting continues to influence the academic performance of college students, and both intrinsic motivation and self-efficacy predicted academic performance. Additionally, the study tested the interaction between self-efficacy and authoritative parenting, but the interaction was not significant. Implications for future research and applications are discussed.

[1]  Frank M. Pajares,et al.  Self-Efficacy Beliefs in Academic Settings , 1996 .

[2]  B. Bry,et al.  Parenting Style and Black Adolescents’ Academic Achievement , 2004 .

[3]  D. F. Roberts,et al.  The relation of parenting style to adolescent school performance. , 1987, Child development.

[4]  A. Strage,et al.  Authoritative parenting and college students' academic adjustment and success. , 1999 .

[5]  Li-tze Hu,et al.  Academic self-efficacy and first year college student performance and adjustment. , 2001 .

[6]  Edward L. Deci,et al.  Intrinsic Motivation and Self-Determination in Human Behavior , 1975, Perspectives in Social Psychology.

[7]  Frank Pajares.  Self-Efficacy in Academic Settings. , 1995 .

[8]  A. E. Black,et al.  Socialization practices associated with dimensions of competence in preschool boys and girls. , 1967, Child development.

[9]  D. Baumrind,et al.  EFFECTS OF AUTHORITATIVE PARENTAL CONTROL ON CHILD BEHAVIOR , 1966 .

[10]  Kennon M. Sheldon,et al.  PERSONALITY PROCESSES AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES Motivating Learning, Performance, and Persistence: The Synergistic Effects of Intrinsic Goal Contents and Autonomy-Supportive Contexts , 2004 .

[11]  E. Dearing.  The developmental implications of restrictive and supportive parenting across neighborhoods and ethnicities: Exceptions are the rule , 2004 .

[12]  E. Deci,et al.  Facilitating internalization: the self-determination theory perspective. , 1994, Journal of personality.

[13]  J. G. Querido,et al.  Parenting Styles and Child Behavior in African American Families of Preschool Children , 2002, Journal of clinical child and adolescent psychology : the official journal for the Society of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, American Psychological Association, Division 53.

[14]  A. Bandura.  Social Foundations of Thought and Action: A Social Cognitive Theory , 1985 .

[15]  Evelyne F. Vallières,et al.  The Academic Motivation Scale: A Measure of Intrinsic, Extrinsic, and Amotivation in Education , 1992 .

[16]  David L. Watson,et al.  Self-Directed Behavior: Self-Modification for Personal Adjustment , 1972 .

[17]  David Reitman,et al.  Development and Validation of the Parental Authority Questionnaire – Revised , 2002 .

[18]  D. Baumrind.  The Influence of Parenting Style on Adolescent Competence and Substance Use , 1991 .

[19]  A. Bandura.  Social Foundations of Thought and Action , 1986 .

[20]  P. Regan,et al.  Parenting Styles and Academic Achievement in College Students , 2003, Psychological reports.

[21]  N. Hill,et al.  The Relationship Between Family Environment and Parenting Style: A Preliminary Study of African American Families , 1995 .

[22]  A. Bandura.  Self-Efficacy: The Exercise of Control , 1997, Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy.

[23]  J. Fantuzzo,et al.  Validation of a multidimensional assessment of parenting styles for low-income African-American families with preschool children , 2002 .

[24]  Ruth K. Chao,et al.  Beyond parental control and authoritarian parenting style: understanding Chinese parenting through the cultural notion of training. , 1994, Child development.

[25]  B. Bracken,et al.  Relationship between Maternal Parenting Styles and African American and White Adolescents' Interpersonal Relationships , 1996 .

[26]  K. Bush,et al.  The Relationship Between Parenting Behaviors and Adolescent Achievement and Self-Efficacy in Chile and Ecuador , 2003 .

[27]  D. Baumrind,et al.  Child care practices anteceding three patterns of preschool behavior. , 1967, Genetic psychology monographs.

[28]  L. Steinberg,et al.  Community Influences on the Relation of Family Statuses to Adolescent School Performance: Differences between African Americans and Non-Hispanic Whites , 1991, American Journal of Education.

[29]  E. Deci,et al.  Intrinsic Versus Extrinsic Goal Contents in Self-Determination Theory: Another Look at the Quality of Academic Motivation , 2006 .

[30]  S. Peng,et al.  Explanation of Academic Achievement of Asian American Students. , 1994 .

[31]  Hae-seong Park,et al.  Parenting Practices, Ethnicity, Socioeconomic Status and Academic Achievement in Adolescents , 2002 .

[32]  L. A. Turner,et al.  A Model of Mastery Motivation for At-Risk Preschoolers. , 2003 .

[33]  J. Buri,et al.  Parental authority questionnaire. , 1991, Journal of personality assessment.