Crystal structure, ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties of epitaxial (1−x)(Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3–x(Bi0.5K0.5)TiO3 films grown by hydrothermal method

The composition dependencies of crystal structure, and electrical and electromechanical properties were systematically investigated for epitaxial films of (1−x)(Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3–x(Bi0.5K0.5)TiO3 [(1−x)BNT–xBKT (x = 0 –1)] deposited on (100)cSrRuO3//(100)SrTiO3 substrates by a hydrothermal method. An In-plane crystal lattice was clamped by that of underlying SrRuO3 irrespective of the x value. The dielectric constant decreased monotonously with increasing x. The polarization–electric field hysteresis loops were imprinted due to the preferential polarization in the films. In addition, the increase of tetragonality with increasing x value contributes to the increase of saturation and remnant polarization (Psat. and Pr, respectively), coercive field (Ec) as well as Pr/Psat. values. The effective piezoelectric coefficient (near E = 0 kV cm−1) improved considerably with increasing x, reaching a maximum of 62 pm V−1 in the BKT film. A comprehensive and systematic study has been performed on (1−x)BNT–xBKT epitaxial films in this work, which lays the foundation for further research of this system in the future.

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