Effect of Environmental Temperature During Development of Rice Plants on Some Properties of Endosperm Starch

Starch granules were isolated from polished grains of rice plants (Oriza sativa L.) grown under controlled temperature conditions. Distribution of isoamylase-debranched starch materials and unit chain-length of amylopectin were examined by gel-filtration on columns. Higher environment temperature decreases amylose concentration in endosperm starches of Japanese rice cultivars. The amylose concentration in the endosperm starch is determined by the environment temperature 5 – 15 days after heading. Interestingly, the higher environment temperature seemed to increase the amount of long B chains and decrease that of short chains of amylopectin. The effect of environment temperature on pasting characteristics of starch by DSC, starch-granule digestibility by amylases and X-ray diffractograms of starch was also investigated. Der Einflus der Umgebungstemperatur wahrend der Entwicklung der Reispflanze auf einige Eigenschaften der Endosperm-Starke. Aus geschliffenen Kornern von unter kontrollierten Temperaturbedingungen gewachsenen Reispflanzen (Oryza sativa L.) wurden Starkekorner isoliert. Die Verteilung des isoamylase-verzweigten Starkematerials sowie die Einheits-Kettenlange des Amylopektins wurden durch Gelfiltration auf Saulen untersucht. Hohere Umgebungstemperatur vermindert die Amylosekonzentration in den Endosperm Starken japanischer Reissorten. Die Amylosekonzentration in den Endosperm Starke wird durch die Umgebungstemperatur 5 bis 15 Tage nach der Keimung beeinflust. Interessanterweise scheint die hohere Umgebungstemperatur die Anzahl langer B-Ketten zu erhohen und die Zahl kurzer Ketten des Amylopektins zu verringern. Die Wirkung der Umgebungstemperatur auf das Verkleisterungsverhalten der Starke, die amylolytische Abbaubarkeit der Starkekorner und die Rontgen-Beugungsdiagramme der Starke wurden ebenfalls untersucht.

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