Effect of Phospholipid Deposits on Adhesion of Bacteria to Contact Lenses

Purpose. Protein and lipid deposits on contact lenses may contribute to clinical complications. This study examined the effect of phospholipids on the adhesion of bacteria to contact lenses. Methods. Worn balafilcon A (n = 11) and senofilcon A (n = 11) were collected after daily wear and phospholipids were extracted in chloroform:methanol. The amount of phospholipid was measured by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. Unworn lenses soaked in phospholipids were exposed to Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. After 18 h incubation, the numbers of P. aeruginosa or S. aureus that adhered to the lenses were measured. Phospholipid was tested for possible effects on bacterial growth. Results. A broad range of sphingomyelins (SM) and phosphatidylcholines (PC) were detected from both types of worn lenses. SM (16:0) (m/z 703) and PC (34:2) (m/z 758) were the major phospholipids detected in the lens extracts. Phospholipids did not alter the adhesion of any strain of P. aeruginosa or S. aureus (p > 0.05). Phospholipids (0.1 mg/mL) showed no effect on the growth of P. aeruginosa 6294 or S. aureus 031. Conclusions. Phospholipids adsorb/absorb to contact lenses during wear, however, the major types of phospholipids adsorbed to lenses do not alter bacterial adhesion or growth.

[1]  S. Blanksby,et al.  Identification of phospholipids in human meibum by nano-electrospray ionisation tandem mass spectrometry. , 2010, Experimental eye research.

[2]  S. Blanksby,et al.  Detection and quantification of tear phospholipids and cholesterol in contact lens deposits: the effect of contact lens material and lens care solution. , 2010, Investigative ophthalmology & visual science.

[3]  M. Willcox,et al.  Effect of Cholesterol Deposition on Bacterial Adhesion to Contact Lenses , 2010, Optometry and vision science : official publication of the American Academy of Optometry.

[4]  K. Gaus,et al.  Caveolin-1-dependent and -independent membrane domains[S] , 2009, Journal of Lipid Research.

[5]  Thomas Naduvilath,et al.  Care Regimen and Lens Material Influence on Silicone Hydrogel Contact Lens Deposition , 2009, Optometry and vision science : official publication of the American Academy of Optometry.

[6]  H. D. Cavanagh,et al.  In Vitro Evaluation of Lipids Adsorbed on Silicone Hydrogel Contact Lenses Using a New Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry Analytical Method , 2008, Eye & contact lens.

[7]  S. Blanksby,et al.  Human lens lipids differ markedly from those of commonly used experimental animals. , 2008, Biochimica et biophysica acta.

[8]  M. Kawashima,et al.  Deposition of Lipid, Protein, and Secretory Phospholipase A2 on Hydrophilic Contact Lenses , 2008, Eye & contact lens.

[9]  L. McDaniel,et al.  Cholesterol as treatment for pneumococcal keratitis: cholesterol-specific inhibition of pneumolysin in the cornea. , 2007, Investigative ophthalmology & visual science.

[10]  E. P. Maziarz,et al.  Lipid Deposition on Silicone Hydrogel Lenses, Part I: Quantification of Oleic Acid, Oleic Acid Methyl Ester, and Cholesterol , 2006, Eye & contact lens.

[11]  J. Nichols.  Deposition Rates and Lens Care Influence on Galyfilcon A Silicone Hydrogel Lenses , 2006, Optometry and vision science : official publication of the American Academy of Optometry.

[12]  Kai Simons,et al.  Automated identification and quantification of glycerophospholipid molecular species by multiple precursor ion scanning. , 2006, Analytical chemistry.

[13]  Jason J Nichols,et al.  Tear film, contact lens, and patient-related factors associated with contact lens-related dry eye. , 2006, Investigative ophthalmology & visual science.

[14]  J. C. Salamone,et al.  In vitro deposition of lysozyme on etafilcon A and balafilcon A hydrogel contact lenses: effects on adhesion and survival of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. , 2005, Contact lens & anterior eye : the journal of the British Contact Lens Association.

[15]  J. McCulley,et al.  Meibomianitis: Polar Lipid Abnormalities , 2004, Cornea.

[16]  M. Senchyna,et al.  Optimized Procedure for the Extraction of Lipid Deposits from Silicone–Hydrogel Contact Lenses , 2004 .

[17]  D. Ahearn,et al.  Relative primary adhesion of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Serratia marcescens and Staphylococcus aureus to HEMA-type contact lenses and an extended wear silicone hydrogel contact lens of high oxygen permeability. , 2004, Contact lens & anterior eye : the journal of the British Contact Lens Association.

[18]  K. Dumbleton,et al.  Dryness and Discomfort with Silicone Hydrogel Contact Lenses , 2003, Eye & contact lens.

[19]  G. Pierce,et al.  Interactions of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus epidermidis in Adhesion to a Hydrogel , 2003, Eye & contact lens.

[20]  M. Senchyna,et al.  Lysozyme and Lipid Deposition on Silicone Hydrogel Contact Lens Materials , 2003, Eye & contact lens.

[21]  J. McCulley,et al.  Polar lipids in human meibomian gland secretions , 2003, Current eye research.

[22]  T. Williams,et al.  The effect of protein-coated contact lenses on the adhesion and viability of gram negative bacteria , 2003, Current eye research.

[23]  T. Williams,et al.  Bacterial interactions with contact lenses; effects of lens material, lens wear and microbial physiology. , 2001, Biomaterials.

[24]  J. McCulley,et al.  The Lipid Layer: The Outer Surface of the Ocular Surface Tear Film , 2001, Bioscience reports.

[25]  B. Tighe,et al.  An in Vivo Comparison of the Kinetics of Protein and Lipid Deposition on Group II and Group IV Frequent-Replacement Contact Lenses , 2000, Optometry and vision science : official publication of the American Academy of Optometry.

[26]  M. Willcox,et al.  Effect of lysozyme on adhesion and toxin release by Staphylococcus aureus. , 1999, Australian and New Zealand journal of ophthalmology.

[27]  T. Williams,et al.  Modulation of Bacterial Adhesion to Hydrogel Contact Lenses by Albumin , 1998, Optometry and vision science : official publication of the American Academy of Optometry.

[28]  C. Morris,et al.  Effect of hydrogel lens wear on the major tear proteins during extended wear. , 1997, Australian and New Zealand journal of ophthalmology.

[29]  B. Tighe,et al.  Lipid and protein deposition of N-vinyl pyrrolidone-containing group II and group IV frequent replacement contact lenses. , 1997, The CLAO journal : official publication of the Contact Lens Association of Ophthalmologists, Inc.

[30]  D. Korb,et al.  Phospholipids in meibomian gland secretion. , 1996, Ophthalmic research.

[31]  M. Raizman,et al.  Pathogenesis of corneal infection: binding of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to specific phospholipids , 1996, Infection and immunity.

[32]  D. Korb,et al.  Meibomian gland phospholipids. , 1996, Current eye research.

[33]  B. Tighe,et al.  Spoliation and Clinical Performance of Monthly vs. Three Monthly Group II Disposable Contact Lenses , 1996, Optometry and vision science : official publication of the American Academy of Optometry.

[34]  J. Rapp,et al.  Lipid deposits on hydrophilic and rigid gas permeable contact lenses. , 1994, The CLAO journal : official publication of the Contact Lens Association of Ophthalmologists, Inc.

[35]  D A Armbruster,et al.  Limit of detection (LQD)/limit of quantitation (LOQ): comparison of the empirical and the statistical methods exemplified with GC-MS assays of abused drugs. , 1994, Clinical chemistry.

[36]  J. Baum,et al.  Bacterial adherence to extended wear soft contact lenses. , 1990, Ophthalmology.

[37]  N. Efron,et al.  Visual Decrement with Deposit Accumulation on HEMA Contact Lenses , 1988, American journal of optometry and physiological optics.

[38]  S. Klotz,et al.  The adherence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to soft contact lenses. , 1987, Ophthalmology.

[39]  D. E. Hart,et al.  Spoilage of hydrogel contact lenses by lipid deposits. Tear-film potassium depression, fat, protein, and alcohol consumption. , 1987, Ophthalmology.

[40]  G. Stern,et al.  The effect of enzymatic contact lens cleaning on adherence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to soft contact lenses. , 1987, Ophthalmology.

[41]  J. Pringle,et al.  Influence of substratum hydration and adsorbed macromolecules on bacterial attachment to surfaces , 1986, Applied and environmental microbiology.

[42]  Influence of Substratum Wettability on Attachment of Freshwater Bacteria to Solid Surfaces , 1983, Applied and environmental microbiology.

[43]  F. Holly.  Tear film physiology and contact lens wear. I. Pertinent aspects of tear film physiology. , 1981, American journal of optometry and physiological optics.

[44]  F. Holly,et al.  Tear Film Physiology , 1980, International ophthalmology clinics.

[45]  K. Sentell,et al.  The adsorption of major tear film lipids in vitro to various silicone hydrogels over time. , 2008, Investigative ophthalmology & visual science.

[46]  J. McCulley,et al.  A compositional based model for the tear film lipid layer. , 1997, Transactions of the American Ophthalmological Society.

[47]  S. Klotz,et al.  Contact lens surface deposits increase the adhesion of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. , 1990, Current eye research.

[48]  M. Miller,et al.  Adherence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to hydrophilic contact lenses and other substrata. , 1987, Journal of clinical microbiology.