Cancer grading by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.

Thirty-nine freeze-dried tissue samples from 17 lymphoid tumors (nine malignant non-Hodgkin's lymphomas) were studied by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The absorbance ratio A1121/A1020 increased, along with the emergence of an absorbance pulse at 1121 cm-1, with increasing clinicopathological grade of malignant lymphoma. An increasing A1121/A1020 ratio from benign to malignant is evident in literature spectra from several different tissues; however, the present study is the first to comment on this effect and to propose it as an index of the cellular RNA/DNA ratio after subtraction of overlapping absorbances, if present, due to collagen or glycogen. Absorbance attributable to collagen increased with lymphoma grade and was greater in benign inflammatory tumors than in low-grade lymphomas. The A1121/A1020 trend observed here may form the basis of a universal cancer-grading parameter to assist with cancer treatment decisions and may also be useful in the analysis of cellular growth perturbation induced by drugs or other therapies. Our spectral findings may potentially be applied to cell clusters and discrete areas of tumor tissue sections using the FTIR microscope, allowing correlation with morphology and a high degree of spatial resolution.

[1]  S. Lin,et al.  Evidence of possible carcinogenesis during conformational changes in bladder mucosa induced by bladder outlet obstruction. , 1994, Cancer letters.

[2]  E H Holmes,et al.  The etiology and prediction of breast cancer. Fourier transform‐infrared spectroscopy reveals progressive alterations in breast DNA leading to a cancer‐like phenotype in a high proportion of normal women , 1995, Cancer.

[3]  P. Vergamini,et al.  New possibilities of research in chronic lymphatic leukemia by means of Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy--II. , 1985, Leukemia research.

[4]  P. Vergamini,et al.  Infrared Characterization of Nuclei Isolated from Normal and Leukemic (B-CLL) Lymphocytes: Part III , 1986 .

[5]  P H Watson,et al.  Beware of connective tissue proteins: assignment and implications of collagen absorptions in infrared spectra of human tissues. , 1995, Biochimica et biophysica acta.

[6]  E. Bramanti,et al.  Recombinant α2a interferon and polycythemia vera: Clinical results and biological evaluation by means of Fourier‐transform infrared microspectroscopy , 1994, European journal of haematology.

[7]  T. O'Leary,et al.  Infrared Microspectroscopy of Human Tissue , 1989 .

[8]  E. Papavassiliou,et al.  Phosphodiester Stretching Bands in the Infrared Spectra of Human Tissues and Cultured Cells , 1991 .

[9]  W. Halliday,et al.  In situ characterization of beta-amyloid in Alzheimer's diseased tissue by synchrotron Fourier transform infrared microspectroscopy. , 1996, Biophysical journal.

[10]  Z. Darżynkiewicz,et al.  4 – RNA Content and Chromatin Structure in Cycling and Noncycling Cell Populations Studied by Flow Cytometry , 1982 .

[11]  P. Wong,et al.  Pressure-tuning fourier transform infrared spectroscopic study of carcinogenesis in human endometrium , 1998 .

[12]  B. Rigas,et al.  Human colon adenocarcinoma cell lines display infrared spectroscopic features of malignant colon tissues. , 1992, Cancer research.

[13]  B. Rigas,et al.  Infrared spectroscopy of exfoliated human cervical cells: evidence of extensive structural changes during carcinogenesis. , 1991, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[14]  B. Rigas,et al.  Human colorectal cancers display abnormal Fourier-transform infrared spectra. , 1990, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[15]  H. Mantsch,et al.  Study of chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells by FT-IR spectroscopy and cluster analysis. , 1996, Leukemia research.

[16]  J A Steinkamp,et al.  Correlated measurements of DNA, RNA, and protein in individual cells by flow cytometry. , 1985, Science.

[17]  J. Batsakis,et al.  Acridine orange flow cytometric analysis of renal cell carcinoma. Clinicopathologic implications of RNA content. , 1990, The American journal of pathology.

[18]  H. Thaler,et al.  Prognostic Value of DNA/RNA Flow Cytometry of B‐Cell Non‐Hodgkin's Lymphoma: Development of Laboratory Model and Correlation with Four Taxonomic Systems a , 1986, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences.

[19]  S. M. Goldstein,et al.  Distinct infrared spectroscopic patterns of human basal cell carcinoma of the skin. , 1993, Cancer research.

[20]  B. Barlogie,et al.  Nucleic acid flow cytometry in large cell lymphoma. , 1988, Cancer research.