Drive-Field Frequency Dependent MPI Performance of Single-Core Magnetite Nanoparticle Tracers

The drive-field frequency of magnetic particle imaging (MPI) systems plays an important role for system design, safety requirements, and tracer selection. Because the commonly utilized MPI drive-field frequency of 25 kHz might be increased in future system generations to avoid peripheral nerve stimulation, a performance evaluation of tracers at higher frequencies is desirable. We have studied single-core magnetite nanoparticles that were optimized for MPI applications, utilizing magnetic particle spectrometers (MPS) with drive-field frequencies in the range from 1 to 100 kHz. The particles have core diameters of 25 nm and a hydrodynamic size of 77 nm. Measurements in the frequency range above 5 kHz were carried out with a newly designed MPS system. In addition, to exclude possible particle interaction, samples of different concentrations were characterized and compared.

[1]  S. Conolly,et al.  Comparison of magnetostimulation limits for axial and transverse drive fields in MPI , 2013, 2013 International Workshop on Magnetic Particle Imaging (IWMPI).

[2]  Patrick W. Goodwill,et al.  Relaxation in X-Space Magnetic Particle Imaging , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging.

[3]  F. Ludwig,et al.  Effect of Brownian relaxation in frequency-dependent magnetic particle spectroscopy measurements , 2013, 2013 International Workshop on Magnetic Particle Imaging (IWMPI).

[4]  O. Woywode,et al.  Human PNS and SAR study in the frequency range from 24 to 162 kHz , 2013, 2013 International Workshop on Magnetic Particle Imaging (IWMPI).

[5]  Patrick W. Goodwill,et al.  The X-Space Formulation of the Magnetic Particle Imaging Process: 1-D Signal, Resolution, Bandwidth, SNR, SAR, and Magnetostimulation , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging.

[6]  Keiji Enpuku,et al.  Characterization of Resovist® Nanoparticles for Magnetic Particle Imaging , 2012 .

[7]  Ondrej Hovorka,et al.  Tailoring the magnetic and pharmacokinetic properties of iron oxide magnetic particle imaging tracers , 2013, Biomedizinische Technik. Biomedical engineering.

[8]  Bernhard Gleich,et al.  Point Spread Function Analysis of Magnetic Particles , 2012 .

[9]  Bernhard Gleich,et al.  Signal encoding in magnetic particle imaging: properties of the system function , 2009, BMC Medical Imaging.

[10]  Patrick W. Goodwill,et al.  Magnetostimulation Limits in Magnetic Particle Imaging , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging.

[11]  K. Krishnan.  Biomedical Nanomagnetics: A Spin Through Possibilities in Imaging, Diagnostics, and Therapy , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Magnetics.

[12]  Thorsten M. Buzug,et al.  Magnetization response spectroscopy of superparamagnetic nanoparticles for magnetic particle imaging , 2009 .

[13]  Kannan M Krishnan,et al.  Tracer design for magnetic particle imaging (invited). , 2012, Journal of applied physics.

[14]  Lutz Trahms,et al.  How the size distribution of magnetic nanoparticles determines their magnetic particle imaging performance , 2011 .

[15]  Frank Ludwig,et al.  Multivariate Magnetic Particle Spectroscopy for Magnetic Nanoparticle Characterization , 2010 .