Bidirectional processing in the olfactory-limbic axis during olfactory behavior.

Field potentials were recorded simultaneously from the olfactory bulb (OB), prepyriform cortex (PPC), entorhinal cortex (EC), and dentate gyrus (DG) of rats trained to respond to appetitively reinforced odors. Preafferent anticipatory events in the beta band (12-35 Hz) suggest transmission from EC to OB before the odorant stimulus. Gamma band (35-120 Hz) power in olfactory regions is significantly reduced during stimulus presentation as compared with high values during preafferent expectation. High coherence of OB and PPC gamma activity during the preodorant control period is interrupted before the stimulus and is followed by increased gamma coherence among OB, EC, and DG. These results suggest that olfactory perceptual processing is bidirectional and covers a wide frequency range.

[1]  Elizabeth C. Crosly,et al.  The Brain of the Tiger Salamander. , 1949 .

[2]  E. Adrian,et al.  The electrical activity of the mammalian olfactory bulb. , 1950, Electroencephalography and clinical neurophysiology.

[3]  W. Freeman,et al.  Distribution in time and space of prepyriform electrical activity. , 1959, Journal of neurophysiology.

[4]  D. G. Watts,et al.  Spectral analysis and its applications , 1968 .

[5]  Walter J. Freeman,et al.  Prepyriform electrical activity after loss of peripheral or central input, or both ☆ , 1968 .

[6]  M. Girgis.  The rhinencephalon. , 1970, Acta anatomica.

[7]  J. Falk.  Physiology and Behavior. , 1973 .

[8]  R. Jindra.  Mass action in the nervous system W. J. Freeman, Academic Press, New York (1975), 489 pp., (hard covers). $34.50 , 1976, Neuroscience.

[9]  L. Heimer,et al.  The afferent connections of the main and the accessory olfactory bulb formations in the rat: An experimental HRP‐study , 1978, The Journal of comparative neurology.

[10]  L. Haberly,et al.  Association and commissural fiber systems of the olfactory cortex of the rat. I. Systems originating in the piriform cortex and adjacent areas , 1978, The Journal of comparative neurology.

[11]  W. Freeman,et al.  Frequency analysis of olfactory system EEG in cat, rabbit, and rat. , 1980, Electroencephalography and clinical neurophysiology.

[12]  H. Eichenbaum,et al.  Temporal relationship between sniffing and the limbic theta rhythm during odor discrimination reversal learning , 1982, The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience.

[13]  W. Freeman,et al.  Changes in spatial patterns of rabbit olfactory EEG with conditioning to odors. , 1982, Psychophysiology.

[14]  S L Bressler,et al.  Spatial organization of EEGs from olfactory bulb and cortex. , 1984, Electroencephalography and clinical neurophysiology.

[15]  W. Freeman,et al.  Odor-related bulbar EEG spatial pattern analysis during appetitive conditioning in rabbits. , 1985 .

[16]  W. Freeman,et al.  Odor-related bulbar EEG spatial pattern analysis during appetitive conditioning in rabbits. , 1985, Behavioral neuroscience.

[17]  Robert C. Wolpert,et al.  A Review of the , 1985 .

[18]  J. E. Skinner,et al.  Chemical dependencies of learning in the rabbit olfactory bulb: acquisition of the transient spatial pattern change depends on norepinephrine. , 1986, Behavioral neuroscience.

[19]  Jonathan D. Cryer,et al.  Time Series Analysis , 1986 .

[20]  W. Freeman,et al.  EEG Spatial Pattern Differences with Discriminated Odors Manifest Chaotic and Limit Cycle Attractors in Olfactory Bulb of Rabbits , 1986 .

[21]  Steven L. Bressler,et al.  Relation of olfactory bulb and cortex. II. Model for driving of cortex by bulb , 1987, Brain Research.

[22]  T. Engen.  Remembering Odors and Their Names , 1987 .

[23]  C. H. Vanderwolf,et al.  Hippocampal rhythmical slow activity following ibotenic acid lesions of the septal region. I. Relations to behavior and effects of atropine and urethane , 1987, Brain Research.

[24]  Steven L. Bressler,et al.  Relation of olfactory bulb and cortex. I. Spatial variation of bulbocortical interdependence , 1987, Brain Research.

[25]  W. Freeman,et al.  How brains make chaos in order to make sense of the world , 1987, Behavioral and Brain Sciences.

[26]  F. L. D. Silva,et al.  Differential distribution of β and θ EEG activity in the entorhinal cortex of the cat , 1988, Brain Research.

[27]  F H Lopes da Silva,et al.  Differential distribution of beta and theta EEG activity in the entorhinal cortex of the cat. , 1988, Brain research.

[28]  F. L. D. Silva,et al.  Modulations of EEG activity in the entorhinal cortex and forebrain olfactory areas during odour sampling , 1989, Brain Research.

[29]  M. Witter,et al.  Functional organization of the extrinsic and intrinsic circuitry of the parahippocampal region , 1989, Progress in Neurobiology.

[30]  F. A. Seiler,et al.  Numerical Recipes in C: The Art of Scientific Computing , 1989 .

[31]  E. Buhl,et al.  Disynaptic olfactory input to the hippocampus mediated by stellate cells in the entorhinal cortex , 1990, The Journal of comparative neurology.

[32]  G. M. Peterson,et al.  Colchicine-induced deafferentation of the hippocampus selectively disrupts cholinergic rhythmical slow wave activity , 1991, Brain Research.

[33]  R. G. Crowder,et al.  Memory for Odors , 1991 .

[34]  L. S. Leung,et al.  Fast (beta) rhythms in the hippocampus: A review , 1992, Hippocampus.

[35]  C. H. Vanderwolf.  Hippocampal activity, olfaction, and sniffing: an olfactory input to the dentate gyrus , 1992, Brain Research.

[36]  M. Stewart,et al.  Current source density analysis of the hippocampal theta rhythm: associated sustained potentials and candidate synaptic generators , 1993, Brain Research.

[37]  S. Bressler,et al.  Episodic multiregional cortical coherence at multiple frequencies during visual task performance , 1993, Nature.

[38]  C. H. Vanderwolf,et al.  Components of weasel and fox odors elicit fast wave bursts in the dentate gyrus of rats , 1994, Behavioural Brain Research.

[39]  W. Press,et al.  Numerical Recipes in Fortran: The Art of Scientific Computing.@@@Numerical Recipes in C: The Art of Scientific Computing. , 1994 .

[40]  R. Eckhorn,et al.  Oscillatory and non-oscillatory synchronizations in the visual cortex and their possible roles in associations of visual features. , 1994, Progress in brain research.

[41]  Walter J. Freeman,et al.  Neural mechanisms underlying destabilization of cortex by sensory input , 1994 .

[42]  G. Buzsáki,et al.  Hippocampal theta activity following selective lesion of the septal cholinergic systeM , 1994, Neuroscience.

[43]  G. Buzsáki,et al.  Gamma (40-100 Hz) oscillation in the hippocampus of the behaving rat , 1995, The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience.

[44]  Walter J. Freeman,et al.  Reafference and Attractors in the Olfactory System During Odor Recognition , 1996, Int. J. Neural Syst..

[45]  R Eckhorn,et al.  Inhibition of sustained gamma oscillations (35-80 Hz) by fast transient responses in cat visual cortex. , 1996, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[46]  W. Freeman,et al.  Spatiotemporal analysis of prepyriform, visual, auditory, and somesthetic surface EEGs in trained rabbits. , 1996, Journal of neurophysiology.

[47]  C. Gray,et al.  Stimulus-Dependent Neuronal Oscillations and Local Synchronization in Striate Cortex of the Alert Cat , 1997, The Journal of Neuroscience.

[48]  Short-Term Odor Memory: Effects of Posterior Transection of the Lateral Olfactory Tract in the Rat , 1997, Physiology & Behavior.