A system for recognizing a large class of engineering drawings

We present a complete system for recognizing a large class of symbolic engineering drawings that includes flowcharts, chemical plant diagrams, and logic & electrical circuits. The output of the system, a netlist identifying the symbol types and interconnections, may be used for design verification or as a compact portable representation of the drawing. The automatic recognition task is done in two stages: (1) domain-independent rules segment symbols from connection lines in the preprocessed drawing image and (2) an understanding subsystem makes use of a set of domain-specific matchers to classify symbols and correct errors automatically. A graphical user interface is provided to correct residual errors interactively. The system has been tested on a large database of printed images drawn from four different domains.

[1]  Anja Habacha Hamada.  A new system for the analysis of schematic diagrams , 1993, Proceedings of 2nd International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition (ICDAR '93).

[2]  Dov Dori,et al.  Object-Process Analysis: Maintaining the Balance Between System Structure and Behaviour , 1995, J. Log. Comput..

[3]  Jhing-Fa Wang,et al.  A topology-based component extractor for understanding electronic circuit diagrams , 1988, Comput. Vis. Graph. Image Process..

[4]  Ashok Samal,et al.  Isolating symbols from connection lines in a class of engineering drawings , 1994, Pattern Recognit..

[5]  J. H. Kim,et al.  Recognition of logic diagrams by identifying loops and rectilinear polylines , 1993, Proceedings of 2nd International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition (ICDAR '93).

[6]  Staffan Truvé.  Image interpretation using multi-relational grammars , 1990, [1990] Proceedings Third International Conference on Computer Vision.

[7]  Haruhiko Kojima,et al.  Online hand-drawn line-figure recognition and its application , 1988, [1988 Proceedings] 9th International Conference on Pattern Recognition.

[8]  Michihiko Minoh,et al.  Efficient diagram understanding with characteristic pattern detection , 1985, Comput. Vis. Graph. Image Process..

[9]  Kazuhiro Mori,et al.  An Automatic Circuit Diagram Reader with Loop-Structure-Based Symbol Recognition , 1988, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[10]  William S. Havens,et al.  Knowledge Structuring and Constraint Satisfaction: The Mapsee Approach , 1988, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[11]  Enrico Nardelli,et al.  Raster to object conversion aided by knowledge based image processing , 1993, Proceedings of 2nd International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition (ICDAR '93).

[12]  Yoshitake Tsuji,et al.  Knowledge-Based Approach for Adaptive Recognition of Drawings , 1988, Pattern Recognition.

[13]  Seong-Whan Lee,et al.  Recognizing Hand-Drawn Electrical Circuit Symbols with Attributed Graph Matching , 1992 .

[14]  Ashok Samal,et al.  A system for engineering flow drawing understanding , 1994 .

[15]  Arthur C. Sanderson,et al.  Symbol recognition in electrical diagrams using probabilistic graph matching , 1985, Pattern Recognit. Lett..

[16]  James R. Gattiker,et al.  A System for Interpretation of Line Drawings , 1990, IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell..

[17]  Karl Zilles,et al.  Optical recognition of chemical graphics , 1993, Proceedings of 2nd International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition (ICDAR '93).

[18]  C. Meubus,et al.  The use of high-level knowledge for enhanced entry of engineering drawings , 1988, [1988 Proceedings] 9th International Conference on Pattern Recognition.