Membrane Surface Charge

Publisher Summary Lipids and proteins contain groups that are charged at the appropriate pH. Many biological membranes possess surface charges due to the presence of these lipids and proteins. There is experimental evidence for a surface charge present on both the outer and inner surfaces of the squid giant axon membrane. This chapter illustrates the way this surface charge relates to membrane channel proteins. One method of determining membrane surface charge is to measure the electrophoretic mobility of cells. This approach provides an estimate of the average charge density over the entire cell membrane. Another method utilizes the voltage-dependent properties of membrane ionic channels to provide the estimates of surface charge density near the channels. It is noted that the surface-charge density at ionic channels is considerably larger than the average surface-charge density over the membrane as a whole. The surface-charge density at ionic channels is also considerably larger on the external surface than on the internal surface. These generalizations apply not only to squid axon membranes, but also to a wide variety of other membranes.

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