Effective network coverage and operational life span is key concern of randomly deployed Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) for performing monitoring function in designated region. Intrinsically, WSN consists of resource constraints sensor nodes. For effective coverage, it is undesirable activating all deployed set of nodes for getting the desired degree of coverage if the same result can be obtained by activating a small subset of deployed nodes for providing the sensing function in the concerned region. We study the problem of extending the life span of the sensor network for fault tolerant area coverage. The proposed genetic algorithm based approach aims to cover a sensed area with minimum number of active nodes and compute the maximum number of Sensing Cover Set (SCS) so that network life time can be prolonged by calculating the working schedule of cover set. Each SCS has been assigned the cover set ID. Each SCS works for the specified amount of time in an alternate fashion. Simulation experiment indicates that genetic algorithm based approach is able to optimally partition the nodes into different SCS.
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