Neurobiological Basis Underlying Neural Information Processing

Although modeling and calculation from a perspective of neural information processing are sometimes based on some necessary assumptions to make the nervous system a simplified one, which enables the computation feasible, the nervous system is itself a very complicated one. Besides, different parts of the nervous system have their own characteristics. Therefore, it should be very helpful for those people who are naive of neuroscience but wish to work on topics related to neural information processing to start with some fundamental ideas about neuroscience. This chapter provides the necessary biological background of the brain with adequate details. Gross anatomy of nervous systems, structural and functional properties of nerve cells, functional organization of various sensory systems and somatomotor system, as well as structure and function of cerebellum and hippocampus are introduced from a point of view of information processing.

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