Thermal Conductivity of Porous Media. I. Unconsolidated Sands

The problem of determining the effective thermal conductivity of a two‐phase system, given the conductivities and volume fractions of the components, is examined. Equations are described which have been proposed as solutions to this problem, including those of Maxwell, de Vries, and Kunii and Smith, the weighted geometric mean equation, and an equation based on a three‐element resistor model found applicable to the analogous electrical conductivity problem. Experimental results are presented for five unconsolidated samples: three quartz sand packs, a glass bead pack, and a lead shot pack. The method of conductivity measurement using the transient line heat source (thermal conductivity probe) is described. Data are reported showing the variation of effective thermal conductivity with porosity, solid particle conductivity, saturating fluid conductivity, and the pressure of the saturating gas. From considerations based on the kinetic theory of gases, it is shown that the characteristic dimension of the pore ...

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